Find Parametric Representation of a Line

The question asks to determine or give the parametric equations of a line, often defined by two points, a point and direction vector, or geometric conditions like perpendicularity to a plane.

bac-s-maths 2025 Q4 View
Space is equipped with an orthonormal coordinate system ( $\mathrm { O } ; \vec { \imath } , \vec { \jmath } , \vec { k }$ ). We consider the points
$$\mathrm { A } ( 2 \sqrt { 3 } ; 0 ; 0 ) , \quad \mathrm { B } ( 0 ; 2 ; 0 ) , \quad \mathrm { C } ( 0 ; 0 ; 1 ) \quad \text { and } \quad \mathrm { K } \left( \frac { \sqrt { 3 } } { 2 } ; \frac { 3 } { 2 } ; 0 \right) .$$
  1. Justify that a parametric representation of the line (CK) is:

$$\left\{ \begin{aligned} x & = \frac { \sqrt { 3 } } { 2 } t \\ y & = \frac { 3 } { 2 } t \quad ( t \in \mathbb { R } ) \\ z & = 1 - t \end{aligned} \right.$$
  1. Let $\mathrm { M } ( t )$ be a point on the line (CK) parametrized by a real number $t$. Establish that $\mathrm { OM} ( t ) = \sqrt { 4 t ^ { 2 } - 2 t + 1 }$.
  2. Let $f$ be the function defined and differentiable on $\mathbb { R }$ by $f ( t ) = \mathrm { OM } ( t )$. a. Study the variations of the function $f$ on $\mathbb { R }$. b. Deduce the value of $t$ for which $f$ reaches its minimum.
  3. Deduce that the point $\mathrm { H } \left( \frac { \sqrt { 3 } } { 8 } ; \frac { 3 } { 8 } ; \frac { 3 } { 4 } \right)$ is the orthogonal projection of point O onto the line (CK).
  4. Prove, using the dot product tool, that point H is the orthocenter (intersection of the altitudes of a triangle) of triangle ABC.
  5. a. Prove that the line $( \mathrm { OH } )$ is orthogonal to the plane $( \mathrm { ABC } )$. b. Deduce an equation of the plane (ABC).
  6. Calculate, in square units, the area of triangle ABC.
jee-main 2014 Q89 View
Equation of the line of the shortest distance between the lines $\frac { x } { 1 } = \frac { y } { - 1 } = \frac { z } { 1 }$ and $\frac { x - 1 } { 0 } = \frac { y + 1 } { - 2 } = \frac { z } { 1 }$ is
(1) $\frac { x } { - 2 } = \frac { y } { 1 } = \frac { z } { 2 }$
(2) $\frac { x } { 1 } = \frac { y } { - 1 } = \frac { z } { - 2 }$
(3) $\frac { x - 1 } { 1 } = \frac { y + 1 } { - 1 } = \frac { z } { - 2 }$
(4) $\frac { x - 1 } { 1 } = \frac { y + 1 } { - 1 } = \frac { z } { 1 }$
jee-main 2017 Q88 View
The line of intersection of the planes $\vec { r } \cdot ( 3 \hat { i } - \hat { j } + \widehat { k } ) = 1$ and $\vec { r } \cdot ( \hat { i } + 4 \hat { j } - 2 \widehat { k } ) = 2$, is,
(1) $\frac { x - \frac { 6 } { 13 } } { 2 } = \frac { y - \frac { 5 } { 13 } } { 7 } = \frac { z } { - 13 }$
(2) $\frac { x - \frac { 4 } { 7 } } { 2 } = \frac { y } { - 7 } = \frac { z + \frac { 5 } { 7 } } { 13 }$
(3) $\frac { x - \frac { 6 } { 13 } } { 2 } = \frac { y - \frac { 5 } { 13 } } { - 7 } = \frac { z } { - 13 }$
(4) $\frac { x - \frac { 4 } { 7 } } { - 2 } = \frac { y } { 7 } = \frac { z - \frac { 5 } { 7 } } { 13 }$