Conditional Expectation and Total Expectation Applications
The student must use the law of total expectation, conditional expectation definitions, or iterated conditioning to compute expectations in structured probability problems.
Establish the following identity: $$\mathbf { E } \left[ \Delta \tilde { R } _ { n } \right] = \rho \mathbf { E } \left[ \tilde { I } _ { n } \right]$$ where each infected person recovers at the end of the day with probability $\rho \in ]0,1[$, independently of others, and $\Delta \tilde{R}_n = \tilde{R}_{n+1} - \tilde{R}_n$.
Show that $$\mathbf { E } \left[ \Delta \tilde { S } _ { n } \right] = - \mathbf { E } \left[ \tilde { S } _ { n } p \left( \tilde { I } _ { n } \right) \right]$$ then deduce the equation satisfied by $\mathbf { E } \left[ \Delta \tilde { I } _ { n } \right]$. Here $\Delta \tilde{S}_n = \tilde{S}_{n+1} - \tilde{S}_n$, $\Delta \tilde{I}_n = \tilde{I}_{n+1} - \tilde{I}_n$, $\Delta \tilde{R}_n = \tilde{R}_{n+1} - \tilde{R}_n$, and $\tilde{S}_n + \tilde{I}_n + \tilde{R}_n = M$ for all $n$.
A shopping mall holds a raffle drawing activity with on-site registration. After registration closes, the host places the same number of raffle balls as the number of registrants, of which 10 balls are marked as lucky prizes: 5 balls for a 5000 yuan gift voucher and 5 balls for an 8000 yuan gift voucher. Each ball has an equal probability of being drawn, and balls are not replaced after drawing. Before the drawing, the organizers announce a winning probability of 0.4\% based on the number of prizes and registrants. After the drawing begins, each person draws a ball in order, and each person has only one chance to draw. If among the first 100 participants, exactly 1 person draws a 5000 yuan voucher and no one draws an 8000 yuan voucher, then the expected value of the prize amount that the 101st person can receive is (15-1)(15-2) yuan.