Relative velocity and observed length/time

Two objects move relative to each other (e.g., trains passing, swimmer crossing a river), and the question asks for relative speed, observed passing time, or displacement due to relative motion.

jee-main 2003 Q7 View
Two particles start simultaneously from the same point and move along two straight lines, one with uniform velocity $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{u}}$ and the other from rest with uniform acceleration $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{f}}$. Let $\alpha$ be the angle between their directions of motion. The relative velocity of the second particle w.r.t. the first is least after a time.
(1) $\frac{u\cos\alpha}{f}$
(2) $\frac{u\sin\alpha}{f}$
(3) $\frac{f\cos\alpha}{u}$
(4) $u\sin\alpha$
jee-main 2019 Q2 View
A passenger train of length $60 m$ travels at a speed of $80 \mathrm {~km} / \mathrm { hr }$. Another freight train of length $120 m$ travels at a speed of $30 \mathrm {~km} / \mathrm { hr }$. The ratio of times taken by the passenger train to completely cross the freight train when: (i) they are moving in the same direction, and (ii) in the opposite directions is:
(1) $\frac { 5 } { 2 }$
(2) $\frac { 3 } { 2 }$
(3) $\frac { 11 } { 5 }$
(4) $\frac { 25 } { 11 }$
jee-main 2023 Q1 View
Two trains $A$ and $B$ of length $l$ and $4l$ are travelling into a tunnel of length $L$ in parallel tracks from opposite directions with velocities $108 \mathrm{~km~h}^{-1}$ and $72 \mathrm{~km~h}^{-1}$, respectively. If train $A$ takes 35 s less time than train $B$ to cross the tunnel then, length $L$ of tunnel is: (Given $L = 60l$)
(1) 1200 m
(2) 900 m
(3) 1800 m
(4) 2700 m