bac-s-maths 2024 Q1

bac-s-maths · France · bac-spe-maths__metropole-sept_j2 Vectors: Lines & Planes Volume of Pyramid/Tetrahedron Using Planes and Lines
We consider the cube ABCDEFGH represented below. The points I and J are the midpoints of segments $[\mathrm{AB}]$ and $[\mathrm{CG}]$ respectively. The point N is the midpoint of segment [IJ]. The objective of this exercise is to calculate the volume of the tetrahedron HFIJ. We place ourselves in the orthonormal coordinate system ($A$; $\overrightarrow{AB}, \overrightarrow{AD}, \overrightarrow{AE}$).
  1. a. Give the coordinates of points I and J.
    Deduce the coordinates of N. b. Justify that the vectors $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{IJ}}$ and $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{NF}}$ have the respective coordinates: $$\overrightarrow{\mathrm{IJ}} \left(\begin{array}{c} 0.5 \\ 1 \\ 0.5 \end{array}\right) \text{ and } \overrightarrow{\mathrm{NF}} \left(\begin{array}{c} 0.25 \\ -0.5 \\ 0.75 \end{array}\right)$$ c. Prove that the vectors $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{IJ}}$ and $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{NF}}$ are orthogonal.
    We admit that $\mathrm{NF} = \frac{\sqrt{14}}{4}$. d. Deduce that the area of triangle FIJ is equal to $\frac{\sqrt{21}}{8}$.
  2. We consider the vector $\vec{u}\left(\begin{array}{c} 4 \\ -1 \\ -2 \end{array}\right)$. a. Prove that the vector $\vec{u}$ is normal to the plane (FIJ). b. Deduce that a Cartesian equation of the plane (FIJ) is: $4x - y - 2z - 2 = 0$. c. We denote by $d$ the line perpendicular to the plane (FIJ) passing through point H. Determine a parametric representation of the line $d$. d. Show that the distance from point H to the plane (FIJ) is equal to $\frac{5\sqrt{21}}{21}$. e. We recall that the volume of a pyramid is given by the formula $V = \frac{1}{3} \times \mathscr{B} \times h$ where $\mathscr{B}$ is the area of a base and $h$ is the length of the height relative to this base. Calculate the volume of the tetrahedron HFIJ. Give the answer in the form of an irreducible fraction.
We consider the cube ABCDEFGH represented below.\\
The points I and J are the midpoints of segments $[\mathrm{AB}]$ and $[\mathrm{CG}]$ respectively.\\
The point N is the midpoint of segment [IJ].\\
The objective of this exercise is to calculate the volume of the tetrahedron HFIJ.\\
We place ourselves in the orthonormal coordinate system ($A$; $\overrightarrow{AB}, \overrightarrow{AD}, \overrightarrow{AE}$).

\begin{enumerate}
  \item a. Give the coordinates of points I and J.

Deduce the coordinates of N.\\
b. Justify that the vectors $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{IJ}}$ and $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{NF}}$ have the respective coordinates:
$$\overrightarrow{\mathrm{IJ}} \left(\begin{array}{c} 0.5 \\ 1 \\ 0.5 \end{array}\right) \text{ and } \overrightarrow{\mathrm{NF}} \left(\begin{array}{c} 0.25 \\ -0.5 \\ 0.75 \end{array}\right)$$
c. Prove that the vectors $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{IJ}}$ and $\overrightarrow{\mathrm{NF}}$ are orthogonal.

We admit that $\mathrm{NF} = \frac{\sqrt{14}}{4}$.\\
d. Deduce that the area of triangle FIJ is equal to $\frac{\sqrt{21}}{8}$.

  \item We consider the vector $\vec{u}\left(\begin{array}{c} 4 \\ -1 \\ -2 \end{array}\right)$.\\
a. Prove that the vector $\vec{u}$ is normal to the plane (FIJ).\\
b. Deduce that a Cartesian equation of the plane (FIJ) is: $4x - y - 2z - 2 = 0$.\\
c. We denote by $d$ the line perpendicular to the plane (FIJ) passing through point H. Determine a parametric representation of the line $d$.\\
d. Show that the distance from point H to the plane (FIJ) is equal to $\frac{5\sqrt{21}}{21}$.\\
e. We recall that the volume of a pyramid is given by the formula
$V = \frac{1}{3} \times \mathscr{B} \times h$ where $\mathscr{B}$ is the area of a base and $h$ is the length of the height relative to this base.\\
Calculate the volume of the tetrahedron HFIJ. Give the answer in the form of an irreducible fraction.
\end{enumerate}
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