grandes-ecoles 2018 Q21

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths2__psi Sequences and Series Properties and Manipulation of Power Series or Formal Series
We consider the Hilbert polynomials $$\left\{ \begin{array} { l } H _ { 0 } ( X ) = 1 \\ H _ { n } ( X ) = \frac { 1 } { n ! } \prod _ { k = 0 } ^ { n - 1 } ( X - k ) = \frac { X ( X - 1 ) \cdots ( X - n + 1 ) } { n ! } \quad \text { for all } n \in \mathbb { N } ^ { * } \end{array} \right.$$
Deduce $$\forall x \in ] - 1,1 \left[ , \quad \varphi ( x ) = 1 + \sum _ { i = 0 } ^ { + \infty } \left( \sum _ { j = 0 } ^ { + \infty } a _ { i , j } ( x ) \right) \right.$$ where we have set $$\forall ( i , j ) \in \mathbb { N } ^ { 2 } , \quad a _ { i , j } ( x ) = \frac { ( - 1 ) ^ { i + 1 } } { ( i + 1 ) ! } H _ { j } \left( \frac { i - 1 } { 2 } + j \right) x ^ { i + j + 1 }$$
We consider the Hilbert polynomials
$$\left\{ \begin{array} { l } H _ { 0 } ( X ) = 1 \\ H _ { n } ( X ) = \frac { 1 } { n ! } \prod _ { k = 0 } ^ { n - 1 } ( X - k ) = \frac { X ( X - 1 ) \cdots ( X - n + 1 ) } { n ! } \quad \text { for all } n \in \mathbb { N } ^ { * } \end{array} \right.$$

Deduce
$$\forall x \in ] - 1,1 \left[ , \quad \varphi ( x ) = 1 + \sum _ { i = 0 } ^ { + \infty } \left( \sum _ { j = 0 } ^ { + \infty } a _ { i , j } ( x ) \right) \right.$$
where we have set
$$\forall ( i , j ) \in \mathbb { N } ^ { 2 } , \quad a _ { i , j } ( x ) = \frac { ( - 1 ) ^ { i + 1 } } { ( i + 1 ) ! } H _ { j } \left( \frac { i - 1 } { 2 } + j \right) x ^ { i + j + 1 }$$