grandes-ecoles 2024 Q19

grandes-ecoles · France · x-ens-maths-b__mp Systems of differential equations
Let $T > 0$ be a real number and $n \in \mathbb{N}^*$ be a natural integer. Let $A : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathscr{M}_n(\mathbb{C})$ be an application continuous on $\mathbb{R}$ and $T$-periodic. We consider the differential system $$X'(t) = A(t) X(t) \tag{2}$$ In this question, we suppose that (2) has a $T'$-periodic solution $X$ with $T' \notin \mathbb{Q} T$.
Show that for all $t \in \mathbb{R}$ and $u \in \mathbb{R}$, we have $$A(u) X(t) = A(t) X(t).$$ One may use without proof the fact that if $G$ is a subgroup of $(\mathbb{R}, +)$ which is not of the form $\mathbb{Z}a$ for $a \in \mathbb{R}$, then $G$ is dense in $\mathbb{R}$.
Let $T > 0$ be a real number and $n \in \mathbb{N}^*$ be a natural integer. Let $A : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathscr{M}_n(\mathbb{C})$ be an application continuous on $\mathbb{R}$ and $T$-periodic. We consider the differential system
$$X'(t) = A(t) X(t) \tag{2}$$
In this question, we suppose that (2) has a $T'$-periodic solution $X$ with $T' \notin \mathbb{Q} T$.

Show that for all $t \in \mathbb{R}$ and $u \in \mathbb{R}$, we have
$$A(u) X(t) = A(t) X(t).$$
One may use without proof the fact that if $G$ is a subgroup of $(\mathbb{R}, +)$ which is not of the form $\mathbb{Z}a$ for $a \in \mathbb{R}$, then $G$ is dense in $\mathbb{R}$.