For a sequence $\left\{ a _ { n } \right\}$ with first term 1, let $S _ { n } = \sum _ { k = 1 } ^ { n } a _ { k }$. The following relation holds: $$n S _ { n + 1 } = ( n + 2 ) S _ { n } + ( n + 1 ) ^ { 3 } \quad ( n \geq 1 )$$ The following is part of the process of finding the general term of the sequence $\left\{ a _ { n } \right\}$. Since $S _ { n + 1 } = S _ { n } + a _ { n + 1 }$ for natural numbers $n$, $$n a _ { n + 1 } = 2 S _ { n } + ( n + 1 ) ^ { 3 } \quad \cdots (\text{ㄱ})$$ For natural numbers $n \geq 2$, $$( n - 1 ) a _ { n } = 2 S _ { n - 1 } + n ^ { 3 } \quad \cdots (\text{ㄴ})$$ By subtracting (ㄴ) from (ㄱ), we obtain $$n a _ { n + 1 } = ( n + 1 ) a _ { n } + \quad \text { (가) }$$ Dividing both sides by $n ( n + 1 )$, $$\frac { a _ { n + 1 } } { n + 1 } = \frac { a _ { n } } { n } + \frac { ( \text{가} ) } { n ( n + 1 ) }$$ If $b _ { n } = \frac { a _ { n } } { n }$, then $$b _ { n + 1 } = b _ { n } + \text{ (나) } \quad ( n \geq 2 )$$ so $$b _ { n } = b _ { 2 } + \text{ (다) } \quad ( n \geq 3 )$$ When the expressions that go in (가), (나), and (다) are $f ( n ) , g ( n ) , h ( n )$ respectively, what is the value of $\frac { f ( 3 ) } { g ( 3 ) h ( 6 ) }$? [4 points] (1) 30 (2) 36 (3) 42 (4) 48 (5) 54
For a sequence $\left\{ a _ { n } \right\}$ with first term 1, let $S _ { n } = \sum _ { k = 1 } ^ { n } a _ { k }$. The following relation holds:
$$n S _ { n + 1 } = ( n + 2 ) S _ { n } + ( n + 1 ) ^ { 3 } \quad ( n \geq 1 )$$
The following is part of the process of finding the general term of the sequence $\left\{ a _ { n } \right\}$.
Since $S _ { n + 1 } = S _ { n } + a _ { n + 1 }$ for natural numbers $n$,
$$n a _ { n + 1 } = 2 S _ { n } + ( n + 1 ) ^ { 3 } \quad \cdots (\text{ㄱ})$$
For natural numbers $n \geq 2$,
$$( n - 1 ) a _ { n } = 2 S _ { n - 1 } + n ^ { 3 } \quad \cdots (\text{ㄴ})$$
By subtracting (ㄴ) from (ㄱ), we obtain
$$n a _ { n + 1 } = ( n + 1 ) a _ { n } + \quad \text { (가) }$$
Dividing both sides by $n ( n + 1 )$,
$$\frac { a _ { n + 1 } } { n + 1 } = \frac { a _ { n } } { n } + \frac { ( \text{가} ) } { n ( n + 1 ) }$$
If $b _ { n } = \frac { a _ { n } } { n }$, then
$$b _ { n + 1 } = b _ { n } + \text{ (나) } \quad ( n \geq 2 )$$
so
$$b _ { n } = b _ { 2 } + \text{ (다) } \quad ( n \geq 3 )$$
When the expressions that go in (가), (나), and (다) are $f ( n ) , g ( n ) , h ( n )$ respectively, what is the value of $\frac { f ( 3 ) } { g ( 3 ) h ( 6 ) }$? [4 points]\\
(1) 30\\
(2) 36\\
(3) 42\\
(4) 48\\
(5) 54