grandes-ecoles 2016 QII.B.2

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths2__mp Discrete Random Variables Probability Bounds and Inequalities for Discrete Variables
We consider a sequence $\left(X_{n}\right)_{n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}}$ of mutually independent random variables, taking values in $\{1, -1\}$ and such that, for all $k \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$, $$P\left(X_{k} = 1\right) = P\left(X_{k} = -1\right) = \frac{1}{2}$$ For all $n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$, we set $S_{n} = X_{1} + \cdots + X_{n}$ and $U_{n} = \left(\frac{S_{n}}{n}\right)^{4}$.
Show that, for all $n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$, $$P\left(U_{n} \geqslant \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right) \leqslant \frac{3}{n^{3/2}}$$
We consider a sequence $\left(X_{n}\right)_{n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}}$ of mutually independent random variables, taking values in $\{1, -1\}$ and such that, for all $k \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$,
$$P\left(X_{k} = 1\right) = P\left(X_{k} = -1\right) = \frac{1}{2}$$
For all $n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$, we set $S_{n} = X_{1} + \cdots + X_{n}$ and $U_{n} = \left(\frac{S_{n}}{n}\right)^{4}$.

Show that, for all $n \in \mathbb{N}^{*}$,
$$P\left(U_{n} \geqslant \frac{1}{\sqrt{n}}\right) \leqslant \frac{3}{n^{3/2}}$$