csat-suneung 2023 Q29

csat-suneung · South-Korea · csat__math 4 marks Conditional Probability Conditional Probability with Discrete Random Variable
There are 6 cards with natural numbers 1 through 6 written on the front and 0 written on the back. These 6 cards are placed so that the natural number $k$ is visible in the $k$-th position for natural numbers $k$ not exceeding 6.
Using these 6 cards and one die, we perform the following trial:
Roll the die once. If the result is $k$, flip the card in the $k$-th position and place it back in its original position.
After repeating this trial 3 times, given that the sum of all numbers visible on the 6 cards is even, what is the probability that the die shows 1 exactly once? The probability is $\frac { q } { p }$. Find the value of $p + q$. (Here, $p$ and $q$ are coprime natural numbers.) [4 points]
There are 6 cards with natural numbers 1 through 6 written on the front and 0 written on the back. These 6 cards are placed so that the natural number $k$ is visible in the $k$-th position for natural numbers $k$ not exceeding 6.

Using these 6 cards and one die, we perform the following trial:

Roll the die once. If the result is $k$, flip the card in the $k$-th position and place it back in its original position.

After repeating this trial 3 times, given that the sum of all numbers visible on the 6 cards is even, what is the probability that the die shows 1 exactly once? The probability is $\frac { q } { p }$. Find the value of $p + q$. (Here, $p$ and $q$ are coprime natural numbers.) [4 points]