taiwan-gsat

2025 gsat__math-a

20 maths questions

Q1 5 marks Independent Events View
An opaque bag contains blue and green balls, each marked with a number 1 or 2. The quantities are shown in the table below. For example, there are 2 blue balls marked with number 1.
BlueGreen
Number 124
Number 23$k$

A ball is randomly drawn from the bag (each ball has an equal probability of being drawn). Given that the event of drawing a blue ball and the event of drawing a ball marked with 1 are independent, what is the value of $k$?
(1) 2
(2) 3
(3) 4
(4) 5
(5) 6
Q2 5 marks Straight Lines & Coordinate Geometry Area Computation in Coordinate Geometry View
On the coordinate plane, $P ( a , 0 )$ is a point on the $x$-axis, where $a > 0$. Let $L _ { 1 }$ and $L _ { 2 }$ be lines passing through point $P$ with slopes $- \frac { 4 } { 3 }$ and $- \frac { 3 } { 2 }$ respectively. Given that the difference in areas of the two right triangles formed by $L _ { 1 }$ and $L _ { 2 }$ with the two coordinate axes is 3, what is the value of $a$?
(1) $3 \sqrt { 2 }$
(2) 6
(3) $6 \sqrt { 2 }$
(4) 9
(5) $8 \sqrt { 2 }$
Q3 5 marks Permutations & Arrangements Linear Arrangement with Constraints View
A school is holding a concert with 5 piano performances, 4 violin performances, and 3 vocal performances, totaling 12 different pieces. The school wants to arrange performances of the same type together, and vocal performances must come after either piano or violin performances. How many possible arrangements of pieces are there for this concert?
(1) $5 ! \times 4 ! \times 3 !$
(2) $2 \times 5 ! \times 4 ! \times 3 !$
(3) $3 \times 5 ! \times 4 ! \times 3 !$
(4) $4 \times 5 ! \times 4 ! \times 3 !$
(5) $6 \times 5 ! \times 4 ! \times 3 !$
Q4 5 marks Indices and Surds Exponential Inequalities and Counting Solutions View
On the coordinate plane, a point whose $x$-coordinate and $y$-coordinate are both integers is called a lattice point. How many lattice points are in the interior (not including the boundary) of the region bounded by the function graph $y = \log _ { 2 } x$, the $x$-axis, and the line $x = \frac { 61 } { 2 }$?
(1) 88
(2) 89
(3) 90
(4) 91
(5) 92
Q5 5 marks Quadratic trigonometric equations View
Let $0 \leq \theta \leq 2 \pi$. All $\theta$ satisfying $\sin 2 \theta > \sin \theta$ and $\cos 2 \theta > \cos \theta$ can be expressed as $a \pi < \theta < b \pi$, where $a$ and $b$ are real numbers. What is the value of $b - a$?
(1) $\frac { 1 } { 3 }$
(2) $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$
(3) $\frac { 2 } { 3 }$
(4) $\frac { 3 } { 4 }$
(5) 1
Q6 5 marks Vector Product and Surfaces View
In coordinate space, there are three mutually perpendicular vectors $\vec { u } , \vec { v } , \vec { w }$. Given that $\vec { u } - \vec { v } = ( 2 , - 1,0 )$ and $\vec { v } - \vec { w } = ( - 1,2,3 )$. What is the volume of the parallelepiped spanned by $\vec { u } , \vec { v } , \vec { w }$?
(1) $2 \sqrt { 5 }$
(2) $5 \sqrt { 2 }$
(3) $2 \sqrt { 10 }$
(4) $4 \sqrt { 5 }$
(5) $4 \sqrt { 10 }$
Q7 5 marks Sequences and series, recurrence and convergence Auxiliary sequence transformation View
A sequence $< a _ { n } >$ satisfies $3 a _ { n + 1 } = a _ { n } + n$ (for all positive integers $n$) and $a _ { 1 } = 2$. Let the sequence $< b _ { n } >$ satisfy $b _ { n } = a _ { n } - \frac { n } { 2 } + \frac { 3 } { 4 }$. Select the correct options.
(1) $a _ { 2 } = 2$
(2) $b _ { 2 } = \frac { 3 } { 4 }$
(3) The sequence $< b _ { n } >$ is a geometric sequence with common ratio $\frac { 2 } { 3 }$
(4) For any positive integer $n$, $3 ^ { n } a _ { n }$ is always a positive integer
(5) $b _ { 10 } < 10 ^ { - 4 }$
Q8 5 marks Exponential Functions Algebraic Simplification and Expression Manipulation View
Consider points $P ( x , y )$ on the coordinate plane satisfying the equation $\frac { 2 ^ { x ^ { 2 } } } { 8 } = \frac { 4 ^ { x } } { 2 ^ { y ^ { 2 } } }$. Select the correct options.
(1) When $x = 3$, there are 2 distinct solutions satisfying this equation
(2) If point $( a , b )$ satisfies this equation, then point $( - a , - b )$ also satisfies this equation
(3) All possible points $P ( x , y )$ form a circle
(4) Point $P ( x , y )$ may lie on the line $x + y = 4$
(5) For all possible points $P ( x , y )$, the maximum value of $x - y$ is $1 + 2 \sqrt { 2 }$
Q9 5 marks Discriminant and conditions for roots Parameter range for specific root conditions (location/count) View
Let $b$ and $c$ be real numbers. The quadratic equation $x ^ { 2 } + b x + c = 0$ has real roots, but the quadratic equation $x ^ { 2 } + ( b + 2 ) x + c = 0$ has no real roots. Select the correct options.
(1) $c < 0$
(2) $b < 0$
(3) $x ^ { 2 } + ( b + 1 ) x + c = 0$ has real roots
(4) $x ^ { 2 } + ( b + 2 ) x - c = 0$ has real roots
(5) $x ^ { 2 } + ( b - 2 ) x + c = 0$ has real roots
Q10 5 marks Trig Graphs & Exact Values View
Let $\Gamma$ be the function graph of $y = \sin \pi x$ for $0 \leq x \leq 3$. A horizontal line $L : y = k$ intersects $\Gamma$ at three points $P \left( x _ { 1 } , k \right) , Q \left( x _ { 2 } , k \right) , R \left( x _ { 3 } , k \right)$ satisfying $x _ { 1 } < x _ { 2 } < 1 < x _ { 3 }$. Select the correct options.
(1) $k > 0$
(2) $L$ and $\Gamma$ have exactly 3 intersection points
(3) $x _ { 1 } + x _ { 2 } < 1$
(4) If $2 \overline { P Q } = \overline { Q R }$, then $k = \frac { 1 } { 2 }$
(5) The sum of $x$-coordinates of all intersection points of $L$ and $\Gamma$ is greater than 5
Q11 5 marks Vectors 3D & Lines Section Division and Coordinate Computation View
In $\triangle A B C$, $\overline { A B } = 6 , \overline { A C } = 5 , \overline { B C } = 4$. Let $D$ be the midpoint of $\overline { A B }$, and $P$ be the intersection of the angle bisector of $\angle A B C$ and $\overline { C D }$, as shown in the figure. Select the correct options.
(1) $\overline { C P } = \frac { 3 } { 7 } \overline { C D }$
(2) $\overrightarrow { A P } = \frac { 3 } { 7 } \overrightarrow { A B } + \frac { 2 } { 7 } \overrightarrow { A C }$
(3) $\cos \angle B A C = \frac { 3 } { 4 }$
(4) The area of $\triangle A C P$ is $\frac { 15 } { 14 } \sqrt { 7 }$
(5) (Dot product) $\overrightarrow { A P } \cdot \overrightarrow { A C } = \frac { 120 } { 7 }$
Q12 5 marks Linear regression View
A certain alloy is composed of two metals, A and B. A student wants to know the relationship between the metal ratio and the wavelength of the alloy. He conducted an experiment measuring ``the wavelength $y$ (in nanometers) of an alloy with A comprising $x\%$'' and plotted 20 data points $(x_k, y_k)$, $k = 1, \cdots, 20$, on the $xy$ plane. The regression line (best-fit line) is $y = 21.3 x - 40$.
To comply with submission standards, the report must be described as ``the wavelength $v$ (in micrometers) of an alloy with B comprising $u\%$''. He converted the data $(x_k, y_k)$ to $(u_k, v_k)$, $k = 1, \cdots, 20$, and obtained the regression line on the $uv$ plane as $v = a u + b$. Given that 1 nanometer $= 10 ^ { - 9 }$ meter and 1 micrometer $= 10 ^ { - 6 }$ meter. Select the correct options.
(1) $u _ { k } = 100 - x _ { k } , k = 1 , \cdots , 20$
(2) $v _ { k } = 1000 y _ { k } , k = 1 , \cdots , 20$
(3) The standard deviation of $u _ { 1 } , u _ { 2 } , u _ { 3 } , \ldots , u _ { 20 }$ equals the standard deviation of $x _ { 1 } , x _ { 2 } , x _ { 3 } , \ldots , x _ { 20 }$
(4) $b = 2.09$
(5) The student found another data point $(u _ { 21 } , v _ { 21 })$ satisfying $v _ { 21 } = a u _ { 21 } + b$; if these 21 data points $(u_k, v_k)$, $k = 1, \cdots, 21$, are plotted on the $uv$ plane, the regression line is still $v = a u + b$
Q13 5 marks Factor & Remainder Theorem Euclidean Division: Quotient and Remainder Determination View
A real-coefficient cubic polynomial $f ( x )$ divided by $x + 6$ gives quotient $q ( x )$ and remainder 3. If $q ( x )$ has a maximum value of 8 at $x = - 6$, then the coordinates of the center of symmetry of the graph $y = f ( x )$ are ((13-1) (13-2), (13-3)).
Q14 5 marks Vectors: Lines & Planes Distance Computation (Point-to-Plane or Line-to-Line) View
In coordinate space, point $A$ has coordinates $(a, b, c)$, where $a, b, c$ are all negative real numbers. Point $A$ is at distance 6 from each of the three planes $E _ { 1 } : 4 y + 3 z = 2$, $E _ { 2 } : 3 y + 4 z = - 5$, and $E _ { 3 } : x + 2 y + 2 z = - 2$. Then $a + b + c =$ (14-1) (14-2) (14-3).
Q15 5 marks Discrete Probability Distributions Expectation and Variance from Context-Based Random Variables View
A holiday market stall offers ``test your luck—cute dolls regularly priced at 480 yuan can be purchased for as low as 240 yuan''. The rules are: customers flip a fair coin up to 5 times. If 3 consecutive heads are obtained in the first 3 flips, they can purchase a doll for 240 yuan. If 3 heads are accumulated by the 4th flip, they can purchase for 320 yuan. If 3 heads are accumulated by the 5th flip, they can purchase for 400 yuan. If 3 heads are not accumulated after 5 flips, they can purchase for 480 yuan. The expected value of the amount a customer spends to purchase a doll is (15-1) (15-2) (15-3) yuan.
Q16 5 marks Circles Chord Length and Chord Properties View
On the coordinate plane, let $L _ { 1 }$ and $L _ { 2 }$ be two lines passing through point $(3, 1)$ with slopes $m$ and $- m$ respectively, where $m$ is a real number. Let $\Gamma$ be a circle with center at the origin. Given that $\Gamma$ intersects $L _ { 1 }$ at two distinct points $A$ and $B$, and the distance from the center to $L _ { 1 }$ is 1, and $\Gamma$ is tangent to $L _ { 2 }$, then the length of chord $\overline { A B }$ is \hspace{2cm} (express as a fraction in lowest terms).
Q17 5 marks Sine and Cosine Rules Cyclic quadrilateral or inscribed polygon problem View
In $\triangle A B C$, $\overline { A B } = \overline { B C } = 3$ and $\cos \angle A B C = - \frac { 1 } { 8 }$. On the circumcircle of $\triangle A B C$ there is a point $D$ satisfying $\overline { B D } = 4$ and $\overline { A D } \leq \overline { C D }$. Then $\overline { C D } = $ (17-1) $+$ $\sqrt{\text{(17-2)}}$. (Express as a simplified radical form.)
Q18 3 marks Linear transformations View
Let $A = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } a _ { 1 } & a _ { 2 } \\ a _ { 3 } & a _ { 4 } \end{array} \right]$ and $B = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } b _ { 1 } & b _ { 2 } \\ b _ { 3 } & b _ { 4 } \end{array} \right]$ both be rotation matrices on the coordinate plane with center at the origin $O$, rotating counterclockwise by an acute angle, and satisfying $A ^ { 2 } = B ^ { 3 } = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } 0 & c \\ 1 & d \end{array} \right]$, where $c$ and $d$ are real numbers.
Let point $P ( 1,1 )$ be transformed by $A ^ { 3 }$ to point $Q$, and point $Q$ be transformed by $B ^ { 4 }$ to point $R$.
What is the value of $c$? (Single choice question, 3 points)
(1) 0
(2) $- 1$
(3) 1
(4) $- \frac { 1 } { 2 }$
(5) $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$
Q19 6 marks Linear transformations View
Let $A = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } a _ { 1 } & a _ { 2 } \\ a _ { 3 } & a _ { 4 } \end{array} \right]$ and $B = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } b _ { 1 } & b _ { 2 } \\ b _ { 3 } & b _ { 4 } \end{array} \right]$ both be rotation matrices on the coordinate plane with center at the origin $O$, rotating counterclockwise by an acute angle, and satisfying $A ^ { 2 } = B ^ { 3 } = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } 0 & c \\ 1 & d \end{array} \right]$, where $c$ and $d$ are real numbers.
Let point $P ( 1,1 )$ be transformed by $A ^ { 3 }$ to point $Q$, and point $Q$ be transformed by $B ^ { 4 }$ to point $R$.
Find the coordinates of point $Q$ and the angle between $\overrightarrow { O R }$ and the vector $(1, 0)$. (Non-multiple choice question, 6 points)
Q20 6 marks Linear transformations View
Let $A = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } a _ { 1 } & a _ { 2 } \\ a _ { 3 } & a _ { 4 } \end{array} \right]$ and $B = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } b _ { 1 } & b _ { 2 } \\ b _ { 3 } & b _ { 4 } \end{array} \right]$ both be rotation matrices on the coordinate plane with center at the origin $O$, rotating counterclockwise by an acute angle, and satisfying $A ^ { 2 } = B ^ { 3 } = \left[ \begin{array} { l l } 0 & c \\ 1 & d \end{array} \right]$, where $c$ and $d$ are real numbers.
Let point $P ( 1,1 )$ be transformed by $A ^ { 3 }$ to point $Q$, and point $Q$ be transformed by $B ^ { 4 }$ to point $R$.
Let $L$ be the line passing through point $P$ and parallel to line $OQ$. Let point $S$ be the intersection of $L$ and line $OR$. Find $\angle O S P$ and the coordinates of point $S$. (Non-multiple choice question, 6 points)