grandes-ecoles 2017 Q24

grandes-ecoles · France · x-ens-maths1__mp Matrices Bilinear and Symplectic Form Properties
We fix two symplectic forms $\omega$ and $\omega _ { 1 }$ on $E$. We consider the propositions:
$\left( \mathcal { F } _ { 1 } \right) :$ There exists a complex structure tamed by $\omega$ and by $\omega _ { 1 }$.
$\left( \mathcal { F } _ { 2 } \right) :$ The segment $\left[ \omega , \omega _ { 1 } \right] = \left\{ ( 1 - \theta ) \omega + \theta \omega _ { 1 } ; \theta \in [ 0,1 ] \right\}$ is included in the set of symplectic forms on $E$.
Let $u$ be the automorphism of $E$ defined in question 13. Suppose that $\left( \mathcal { F } _ { 2 } \right)$ is satisfied and that the characteristic polynomial of $u$ has roots of multiplicity at most 2 in $\mathbb { C }$. Show that $( \mathcal { F } _ { 1 } )$ is satisfied.
Hint: You may prove and then use the fact that, for all $\theta \in \mathbb { R } \backslash \pi \mathbb { Z }$, there exists $\phi \in \mathbb { R }$ such that, for all $X \in \mathbb { R } ^ { 2 } \backslash \{ 0 \} , { } ^ { t } X R _ { \phi } X > 0$ and ${ } ^ { t } X R _ { \theta + \phi } X > 0$.
We fix two symplectic forms $\omega$ and $\omega _ { 1 }$ on $E$. We consider the propositions:

$\left( \mathcal { F } _ { 1 } \right) :$ There exists a complex structure tamed by $\omega$ and by $\omega _ { 1 }$.

$\left( \mathcal { F } _ { 2 } \right) :$ The segment $\left[ \omega , \omega _ { 1 } \right] = \left\{ ( 1 - \theta ) \omega + \theta \omega _ { 1 } ; \theta \in [ 0,1 ] \right\}$ is included in the set of symplectic forms on $E$.

Let $u$ be the automorphism of $E$ defined in question 13. Suppose that $\left( \mathcal { F } _ { 2 } \right)$ is satisfied and that the characteristic polynomial of $u$ has roots of multiplicity at most 2 in $\mathbb { C }$. Show that $( \mathcal { F } _ { 1 } )$ is satisfied.

\textit{Hint: You may prove and then use the fact that, for all $\theta \in \mathbb { R } \backslash \pi \mathbb { Z }$, there exists $\phi \in \mathbb { R }$ such that, for all $X \in \mathbb { R } ^ { 2 } \backslash \{ 0 \} , { } ^ { t } X R _ { \phi } X > 0$ and ${ } ^ { t } X R _ { \theta + \phi } X > 0$.}