gaokao 2019 Q4

gaokao · China · national-I-arts Probability Definitions Set Operations
4. According to historical records, the ``Hundred Family Names'' was written in the early Northern Song Dynasty. Table 1 records the top 24 surnames from the beginning of the ``Hundred Family Names'':
\begin{table}[h]
Table 1
赵钱孙李周吴郑王冯陈褚卫
蒋沈韩杨朱秦尤许何吕施张

\end{table}
Table 2 records the top 25 most populous surnames in China in 2018:
\begin{table}[h]
Table 2
1: Li2: Wang3: Zhang4: Liu5: Chen
6: Yang7: Zhao8: Huang9: Zhou10: Wu
11: Xu12: Sun13: Hu14: Zhu15: Gao
16: Lin17: He18: Guo19: Ma20: Luo

\end{table}
21: Liang22: Song23: Zheng24: Xie25: Han

If one surname is randomly selected from the top 24 surnames in the ``Hundred Family Names'', the probability that this surname is among the top 24 most populous surnames in China in 2018 is
A. $\frac { 5 } { 12 }$ B. $\frac { 11 } { 24 }$ C. $\frac { 13 } { 24 }$ D. $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$
In ancient Greece, people believed that the most beautiful human body has the ratio of the distance from the top of the head to the navel to the distance from the throat to the navel equal to the golden ratio ($\frac { \sqrt { 5 } - 1 } { 2 } \approx 0.618$). The famous ratio of the length from the top of the head to the base of the neck to the length from the base of the neck to the navel is also the golden ratio. If the total height is 105 cm and the length from the top of the head to the base of the neck is 26 cm, 
4. According to historical records, the ``Hundred Family Names'' was written in the early Northern Song Dynasty. Table 1 records the top 24 surnames from the beginning of the ``Hundred Family Names'':

\begin{table}[h]
\begin{center}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Table 1}
\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | c | }
\hline
赵 & 钱 & 孙 & 李 & 周 & 吴 & 郑 & 王 & 冯 & 陈 & 褚 & 卫 \\
\hline
蒋 & 沈 & 韩 & 杨 & 朱 & 秦 & 尤 & 许 & 何 & 吕 & 施 & 张 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}

Table 2 records the top 25 most populous surnames in China in 2018:

\begin{table}[h]
\begin{center}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Table 2}
\begin{tabular}{ | c | c | c | c | c | }
\hline
1: Li & 2: Wang & 3: Zhang & 4: Liu & 5: Chen \\
\hline
6: Yang & 7: Zhao & 8: Huang & 9: Zhou & 10: Wu \\
\hline
11: Xu & 12: Sun & 13: Hu & 14: Zhu & 15: Gao \\
\hline
16: Lin & 17: He & 18: Guo & 19: Ma & 20: Luo \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\end{table}

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{ | l | l | l | l | l | }
\hline
21: Liang & 22: Song & 23: Zheng & 24: Xie & 25: Han \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

If one surname is randomly selected from the top 24 surnames in the ``Hundred Family Names'', the probability that this surname is among the top 24 most populous surnames in China in 2018 is

A. $\frac { 5 } { 12 }$ \quad B. $\frac { 11 } { 24 }$ \quad C. $\frac { 13 } { 24 }$ \quad D. $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$\\
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