grandes-ecoles 2019 Q4

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths1__mp Invariant lines and eigenvalues and vectors Compute eigenvectors or eigenspaces
Let $\left(a_0, a_1, \ldots, a_{n-1}\right) \in \mathbb{K}^n$ and $Q(X) = X^n + a_{n-1}X^{n-1} + \cdots + a_0$. We consider the companion matrix
$$C_Q = \left(\begin{array}{cccccc} 0 & \cdots & \cdots & \cdots & 0 & -a_0 \\ 1 & 0 & \cdots & \cdots & 0 & -a_1 \\ 0 & 1 & \ddots & & \vdots & -a_2 \\ \vdots & \ddots & \ddots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots \\ \vdots & & \ddots & 1 & 0 & -a_{n-2} \\ 0 & \cdots & \cdots & 0 & 1 & -a_{n-1} \end{array}\right).$$
Let $\lambda$ be an eigenvalue of $C_Q^{\top}$. Determine the dimension and a basis of the associated eigenspace.
Let $\left(a_0, a_1, \ldots, a_{n-1}\right) \in \mathbb{K}^n$ and $Q(X) = X^n + a_{n-1}X^{n-1} + \cdots + a_0$. We consider the companion matrix

$$C_Q = \left(\begin{array}{cccccc} 0 & \cdots & \cdots & \cdots & 0 & -a_0 \\ 1 & 0 & \cdots & \cdots & 0 & -a_1 \\ 0 & 1 & \ddots & & \vdots & -a_2 \\ \vdots & \ddots & \ddots & \ddots & \vdots & \vdots \\ \vdots & & \ddots & 1 & 0 & -a_{n-2} \\ 0 & \cdots & \cdots & 0 & 1 & -a_{n-1} \end{array}\right).$$

Let $\lambda$ be an eigenvalue of $C_Q^{\top}$. Determine the dimension and a basis of the associated eigenspace.