grandes-ecoles 2019 Q26

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths2__pc Reduction Formulae Connect a Discrete Sum to an Integral via Reduction Formulae
For every natural integer $n$ and every real $x$, set $I_n(x) = \int_0^{\pi/2} \cos(2xt)(\cos t)^n \, \mathrm{d}t$, and for $x \in J = [0,1/2[$, $$S_n(x) = \sum_{p=1}^{+\infty} \left(\sum_{k=n+1}^{+\infty} \frac{2^{2p+1} x^{2p-1}}{(2k-1)^{2p}}\right).$$ Show $$\forall n \in \mathbb{N}^{\star}, \forall x \in J, \quad \pi \tan(\pi x) + S_n(x) = -\frac{2I_{4n}^{\prime}(2x)}{I_{4n}(2x)} + \frac{I_{2n}^{\prime}(x)}{I_{2n}(x)} + \sum_{p=1}^{+\infty} 2\left(2^{2p} - 1\right) \zeta(2p) x^{2p-1}.$$
For every natural integer $n$ and every real $x$, set $I_n(x) = \int_0^{\pi/2} \cos(2xt)(\cos t)^n \, \mathrm{d}t$, and for $x \in J = [0,1/2[$,
$$S_n(x) = \sum_{p=1}^{+\infty} \left(\sum_{k=n+1}^{+\infty} \frac{2^{2p+1} x^{2p-1}}{(2k-1)^{2p}}\right).$$
Show
$$\forall n \in \mathbb{N}^{\star}, \forall x \in J, \quad \pi \tan(\pi x) + S_n(x) = -\frac{2I_{4n}^{\prime}(2x)}{I_{4n}(2x)} + \frac{I_{2n}^{\prime}(x)}{I_{2n}(x)} + \sum_{p=1}^{+\infty} 2\left(2^{2p} - 1\right) \zeta(2p) x^{2p-1}.$$