grandes-ecoles 2020 Q12

grandes-ecoles · France · x-ens-maths-b__mp_cpge Reduction Formulae Compute a Base Case or Specific Value of a Parametric Integral
We admit the identity $\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \exp(-x^2) \mathrm{d}x = \sqrt{\pi}$.
(a) Show that for all integer $n \in \mathbb{N}$, we have $$n! = \int_0^{+\infty} e^{-t} t^n \mathrm{d}t$$
(b) Using the preceding results, recover Stirling's formula giving an asymptotic equivalent of $n!$.
We admit the identity $\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty} \exp(-x^2) \mathrm{d}x = \sqrt{\pi}$.

(a) Show that for all integer $n \in \mathbb{N}$, we have
$$n! = \int_0^{+\infty} e^{-t} t^n \mathrm{d}t$$

(b) Using the preceding results, recover Stirling's formula giving an asymptotic equivalent of $n!$.