bac-s-maths 2016 Q1C

bac-s-maths · France · metropole 6 marks Exponential Distribution
The lifetime, in years, of an electronic component manufactured in this factory is a random variable $T$ that follows the exponential distribution with parameter $\lambda$ (where $\lambda$ is a strictly positive real number). We denote by $f$ the density function associated with the random variable $T$. We recall that:
  • for every real number $x \geqslant 0, f(x) = \lambda \mathrm{e}^{-\lambda x}$.
  • for every real number $a \geqslant 0, P(T \leqslant a) = \int_{0}^{a} f(x) \mathrm{d}x$.

  1. The representative curve $\mathscr{C}$ of the function $f$ is given. a. Give a graphical interpretation of $P(T \leqslant a)$ where $a > 0$. b. Show that for every real number $t \geqslant 0 : P(T \leqslant t) = 1 - \mathrm{e}^{-\lambda t}$. c. Deduce that $\lim_{t \rightarrow +\infty} P(T \leqslant t) = 1$.
  2. Suppose that $P(T \leqslant 7) = 0.5$. Determine $\lambda$ to the nearest $10^{-3}$.
  3. In this question we take $\lambda = 0.099$ and round the results of probabilities to the nearest hundredth. a. A component manufactured in this factory is chosen at random. Determine the probability that this component operates for at least 5 years. b. A component is chosen at random from among those that still function after 2 years. Determine the probability that this component has a lifetime greater than 7 years. c. Give the mathematical expectation $\mathrm{E}(T)$ of the random variable $T$ to the nearest unit. Interpret this result.
The lifetime, in years, of an electronic component manufactured in this factory is a random variable $T$ that follows the exponential distribution with parameter $\lambda$ (where $\lambda$ is a strictly positive real number). We denote by $f$ the density function associated with the random variable $T$. We recall that:
\begin{itemize}
  \item for every real number $x \geqslant 0, f(x) = \lambda \mathrm{e}^{-\lambda x}$.
  \item for every real number $a \geqslant 0, P(T \leqslant a) = \int_{0}^{a} f(x) \mathrm{d}x$.
\end{itemize}

\begin{enumerate}
  \item The representative curve $\mathscr{C}$ of the function $f$ is given.\\
  a. Give a graphical interpretation of $P(T \leqslant a)$ where $a > 0$.\\
  b. Show that for every real number $t \geqslant 0 : P(T \leqslant t) = 1 - \mathrm{e}^{-\lambda t}$.\\
  c. Deduce that $\lim_{t \rightarrow +\infty} P(T \leqslant t) = 1$.
  \item Suppose that $P(T \leqslant 7) = 0.5$. Determine $\lambda$ to the nearest $10^{-3}$.
  \item In this question we take $\lambda = 0.099$ and round the results of probabilities to the nearest hundredth.\\
  a. A component manufactured in this factory is chosen at random. Determine the probability that this component operates for at least 5 years.\\
  b. A component is chosen at random from among those that still function after 2 years. Determine the probability that this component has a lifetime greater than 7 years.\\
  c. Give the mathematical expectation $\mathrm{E}(T)$ of the random variable $T$ to the nearest unit. Interpret this result.
\end{enumerate}