Main topics covered: Logarithm function; differentiationPart 1
Let $h$ denote the function defined on the interval $]0; +\infty[$ by: $$h(x) = 1 + \frac{\ln(x)}{x^2}.$$ It is admitted that the function $h$ is differentiable on $]0; +\infty[$ and we denote $h'$ its derivative function.
- Determine the limits of $h$ at 0 and at $+\infty$.
- Show that, for every real number $x$ in $]0; +\infty[$, $h'(x) = \frac{1 - 2\ln(x)}{x^3}$.
- Deduce the variations of the function $h$ on the interval $]0; +\infty[$.
- Show that the equation $h(x) = 0$ admits a unique solution $\alpha$ belonging to $]0; +\infty[$ and verify that: $\frac{1}{2} < \alpha < 1$.
- Determine the sign of $h(x)$ for $x$ belonging to $]0; +\infty[$.
Part 2
Let $f_1$ and $f_2$ denote the functions defined on $]0; +\infty[$ by: $$f_1(x) = x - 1 - \frac{\ln(x)}{x^2} \quad \text{and} \quad f_2(x) = x - 2 - \frac{2\ln(x)}{x^2}.$$ We denote $\mathscr{C}_1$ and $\mathscr{C}_2$ the respective graphs of $f_1$ and $f_2$ in a reference frame $(\mathrm{O}; \vec{\imath}, \vec{\jmath})$.
- Show that, for every real number $x$ belonging to $]0; +\infty[$, we have: $$f_1(x) - f_2(x) = h(x).$$
- Deduce from the results of Part 1 the relative position of the curves $\mathscr{C}_1$ and $\mathscr{C}_2$.
You will justify that their unique point of intersection has coordinates $(\alpha; \alpha)$. Recall that $\alpha$ is the unique solution of the equation $h(x) = 0$.