The question requires finding the value(s) of an unknown variable from an equation involving logarithms, including systems of logarithmic equations or equations where the unknown appears inside or as the base of a logarithm.
$\log _ { 4 } x$ and $\log _ { 4 } \left( x ^ { 2 } \right)$ are consecutive two positive even integers. Accordingly, what is the value of $\log _ { x } 4$? A) $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$ B) $\frac { 1 } { 4 }$ C) $\frac { 1 } { 16 }$ D) 1 E) 2
Let k be a positive real number such that for the function $$f ( x ) = \log _ { x } ( x - k )$$ we have $f ( 3 k ) = \frac { 2 } { 3 }$. What is k? A) $\frac { 3 } { 8 }$ B) $\frac { 9 } { 8 }$ C) $\frac { 27 } { 8 }$ D) $\frac { 2 } { 9 }$ E) $\frac { 4 } { 9 }$
When a stick is divided into 4 equal parts, the length of each part is $\log_5(x)$ units, and when divided into 10 equal parts, the length of each part is $\log_5\left(\frac{x^2}{25}\right)$ units. Accordingly, what is the length of the stick in units? A) 5 B) 8 C) 10 D) 12 E) 15
Where $n$ is an integer and $1 < n < 100$, $$\log_2\left(\log_3 n\right)$$ the value of this expression equals a positive integer. Accordingly, what is the sum of the values that $n$ can take? A) 36 B) 45 C) 63 D) 72 E) 90
Let $x$ be a positive real number, $$\log_{4}(x + 5) + \log_{4}(x + 4) - \log_{4}(x + 3) = \log_{2} 3$$ What is the value of $x$ that satisfies this equality? A) $\sqrt{6}$ B) $\sqrt{7}$ C) $2\sqrt{2}$ D) $2\sqrt{5}$ E) $3\sqrt{2}$
Let $a$, $x$ and $y$ be positive real numbers. The numbers $$\log_{a} x, \quad \log_{a} y, \quad \log_{a}(x+y)$$ arranged from smallest to largest are consecutive integers. What is the value of $\log_{a}(2a+1)$? A) $-2$ B) $-1$ C) $2$ D) $3$ E) $4$
Let $a$ and $b$ be non-consecutive positive integers. The equality $$\ln(a!) = \ln(b!) + 3 \cdot \ln 2 + 2 \cdot \ln 3 + \ln 7$$ is satisfied. Accordingly, what is the sum $a + b$? A) 10 B) 13 C) 15 D) 18 E) 20
Let $a, b, c$ and $d$ be distinct positive real numbers. The sets $A$ and $B$ are defined as $$\begin{aligned}
& A = \left\{ \log_{2} a, \log_{2} b, \log_{2} c, \log_{2} d \right\} \\
& B = \left\{ \log_{\frac{1}{2}} a, \log_{\frac{1}{2}} b, \log_{\frac{1}{2}} c, \log_{\frac{1}{2}} d \right\}
\end{aligned}$$ $$\begin{aligned}
& s(A \cap B) = 3 \\
& a \cdot b \cdot c \cdot d = \frac{7}{5} \\
& a + b + c + d = \frac{38}{5}
\end{aligned}$$ Given that, what is the sum $a^{2} + b^{2} + c^{2} + d^{2}$? A) 20 B) 22 C) 24 D) 26 E) 28