ap-calculus-ab

2014 free-response

6 maths questions

Q1 Applied differentiation Applied modeling with differentiation View
Grass clippings are placed in a bin, where they decompose. For $0 \leq t \leq 30$, the amount of grass clippings remaining in the bin is modeled by $A ( t ) = 6.687 ( 0.931 ) ^ { t }$, where $A ( t )$ is measured in pounds and $t$ is measured in days.
(a) Find the average rate of change of $A ( t )$ over the interval $0 \leq t \leq 30$. Indicate units of measure.
(b) Find the value of $A ^ { \prime } ( 15 )$. Using correct units, interpret the meaning of the value in the context of the problem.
(c) Find the time $t$ for which the amount of grass clippings in the bin is equal to the average amount of grass clippings in the bin over the interval $0 \leq t \leq 30$.
(d) For $t > 30$, $L ( t )$, the linear approximation to $A$ at $t = 30$, is a better model for the amount of grass clippings remaining in the bin. Use $L ( t )$ to predict the time at which there will be 0.5 pound of grass clippings remaining in the bin. Show the work that leads to your answer.
Q2 Volumes of Revolution Multi-Part Area-and-Volume Free Response View
Let $R$ be the region enclosed by the graph of $f ( x ) = x ^ { 4 } - 2.3 x ^ { 3 } + 4$ and the horizontal line $y = 4$, as shown in the figure above.
(a) Find the volume of the solid generated when $R$ is rotated about the horizontal line $y = - 2$.
(b) Region $R$ is the base of a solid. For this solid, each cross section perpendicular to the $x$-axis is an isosceles right triangle with a leg in $R$. Find the volume of the solid.
(c) The vertical line $x = k$ divides $R$ into two regions with equal areas. Write, but do not solve, an equation involving integral expressions whose solution gives the value $k$.
Q3 Indefinite & Definite Integrals Accumulation Function Analysis View
The function $f$ is defined on the closed interval $[ - 5, 4 ]$. The graph of $f$ consists of three line segments and is shown in the figure above. Let $g$ be the function defined by $g ( x ) = \int _ { - 3 } ^ { x } f ( t ) \, dt$.
(a) Find $g ( 3 )$.
(b) On what open intervals contained in $- 5 < x < 4$ is the graph of $g$ both increasing and concave down? Give a reason for your answer.
(c) The function $h$ is defined by $h ( x ) = \dfrac { g ( x ) } { 5 x }$. Find $h ^ { \prime } ( 3 )$.
(d) The function $p$ is defined by $p ( x ) = f \left( x ^ { 2 } - x \right)$. Find the slope of the line tangent to the graph of $p$ at the point where $x = - 1$.
Q4 Variable acceleration (vectors) View
Train $A$ runs back and forth on an east-west section of railroad track. Train A's velocity, measured in meters per minute, is given by a differentiable function $v _ { A } ( t )$, where time $t$ is measured in minutes. Selected values for $v _ { A } ( t )$ are given in the table below.
\begin{tabular}{ c } $t$
(minutes)
& 0 & 2 & 5 & 8 & 12 \hline
$v _ { A } ( t )$
(meters/minute)
& 0 & 100 & 40 & - 120 & - 150 \hline \end{tabular}
(a) Find the average acceleration of train $A$ over the interval $2 \leq t \leq 8$.
(b) Do the data in the table support the conclusion that train $A$'s velocity is $-100$ meters per minute at some time $t$ with $5 < t < 8$? Give a reason for your answer.
(c) At time $t = 2$, train $A$'s position is 300 meters east of the Origin Station, and the train is moving to the east. Write an expression involving an integral that gives the position of train $A$, in meters from the Origin Station, at time $t = 12$. Use a trapezoidal sum with three subintervals indicated by the table to approximate the position of the train at time $t = 12$.
(d) A second train, train $B$, travels north from the Origin Station. At time $t$ the velocity of train $B$ is given by $v _ { B } ( t ) = - 5 t ^ { 2 } + 60 t + 25$, and at time $t = 2$ the train is 400 meters north of the station. Find the rate, in meters per minute, at which the distance between train $A$ and train $B$ is changing at time $t = 2$.
Q5 Product & Quotient Rules View
The twice-differentiable functions $f$ and $g$ are defined for all real numbers $x$. Values of $f$, $f ^ { \prime }$, $g$, and $g ^ { \prime }$ for various values of $x$ are given in the table below.
$x$-2$- 2 < x < - 1$-1$- 1 < x < 1$1$1 < x < 3$3
$f ( x )$12Positive8Positive2Positive7
$f ^ { \prime } ( x )$-5Negative0Negative0Positive$\frac { 1 } { 2 }$
$g ( x )$-1Negative0Positive3Positive1
$g ^ { \prime } ( x )$2Positive$\frac { 3 } { 2 }$Positive0Negative-2

(a) Find the $x$-coordinate of each relative minimum of $f$ on the interval $[ - 2, 3 ]$. Justify your answers.
(b) Explain why there must be a value $c$, for $- 1 < c < 1$, such that $f ^ { \prime \prime } ( c ) = 0$.
(c) The function $h$ is defined by $h ( x ) = \ln ( f ( x ) )$. Find $h ^ { \prime } ( 3 )$. Show the computations that lead to your answer.
(d) Evaluate $\displaystyle\int _ { - 2 } ^ { 3 } f ^ { \prime } ( g ( x ) ) g ^ { \prime } ( x ) \, dx$.
Q6 Differential equations Multi-Part DE Problem (Slope Field + Solve + Analyze) View
Consider the differential equation $\dfrac { d y } { d x } = ( 3 - y ) \cos x$. Let $y = f ( x )$ be the particular solution to the differential equation with the initial condition $f ( 0 ) = 1$. The function $f$ is defined for all real numbers.
(a) A portion of the slope field of the differential equation is given below. Sketch the solution curve through the point $( 0, 1 )$.
(b) Write an equation for the line tangent to the solution curve in part (a) at the point $( 0, 1 )$. Use the equation to approximate $f ( 0.2 )$.
(c) Find $y = f ( x )$, the particular solution to the differential equation with the initial condition $f ( 0 ) = 1$.