grandes-ecoles 2012 QII.C.1

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths1__pc Sequences and Series Proof of Inequalities Involving Series or Sequence Terms
Let $\left( a _ { n } \right) _ { n \geqslant 0 }$ be a real sequence with $\sum a_n x^n$ having radius of convergence 1, with sum $f(x) = \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} a_n x^n$ satisfying $f(x) \sim \frac{1}{1-x}$ as $x \to 1^-$, and with $a_n \geqslant 0$ for all $n \in \mathbb{N}$. We denote $A _ { n } = \sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { n } a _ { k }$.
For all $x \in \left[ 0,1 \left[ \right. \right.$ and all $n \in \mathbb { N }$, show that $f ( x ) \geqslant A _ { n } x ^ { n }$.
Let $\left( a _ { n } \right) _ { n \geqslant 0 }$ be a real sequence with $\sum a_n x^n$ having radius of convergence 1, with sum $f(x) = \sum_{n=0}^{+\infty} a_n x^n$ satisfying $f(x) \sim \frac{1}{1-x}$ as $x \to 1^-$, and with $a_n \geqslant 0$ for all $n \in \mathbb{N}$. We denote $A _ { n } = \sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { n } a _ { k }$.

For all $x \in \left[ 0,1 \left[ \right. \right.$ and all $n \in \mathbb { N }$, show that $f ( x ) \geqslant A _ { n } x ^ { n }$.