grandes-ecoles 2022 Q1

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths1__psi Matrices Matrix Algebra and Product Properties
Prove that the application $$\begin{array} { | c l l } \mathcal { M } _ { n } ( \mathbb { R } ) & \rightarrow & \mathbb { R } \\ M & \mapsto & \operatorname { tr } ( M ) \end{array}$$ is a linear form and that $$\forall ( A , B ) \in \left( \mathcal { M } _ { n } ( \mathbb { R } ) \right) ^ { 2 } , \quad \operatorname { tr } ( A B ) = \operatorname { tr } ( B A ) .$$
Prove that the application
$$\begin{array} { | c l l } 
\mathcal { M } _ { n } ( \mathbb { R } ) & \rightarrow & \mathbb { R } \\
M & \mapsto & \operatorname { tr } ( M )
\end{array}$$
is a linear form and that
$$\forall ( A , B ) \in \left( \mathcal { M } _ { n } ( \mathbb { R } ) \right) ^ { 2 } , \quad \operatorname { tr } ( A B ) = \operatorname { tr } ( B A ) .$$