grandes-ecoles 2024 Q17c

grandes-ecoles · France · polytechnique-maths-a__mp Number Theory Prime Counting and Distribution
The objective of this question is to prove that if $n$ is a non-zero natural integer, then $\prod_{\substack{p \leqslant n \\ p \text{ prime}}} p \leqslant 4^{n}$.
We now assume $n \geqslant 4$ and the result is known at rank $k$ for any integer $k$ between 1 and $n-1$. Let $n = 2m+1$ with $m \in \mathbb{N}$. Justify that $\prod_{\substack{m+1 < p \leqslant 2m+1 \\ p \text{ prime}}} p$ divides $\binom{2m+1}{m}$ and show that $\binom{2m+1}{m} \leqslant 4^{m}$.
The objective of this question is to prove that if $n$ is a non-zero natural integer, then $\prod_{\substack{p \leqslant n \\ p \text{ prime}}} p \leqslant 4^{n}$.

We now assume $n \geqslant 4$ and the result is known at rank $k$ for any integer $k$ between 1 and $n-1$. Let $n = 2m+1$ with $m \in \mathbb{N}$. Justify that $\prod_{\substack{m+1 < p \leqslant 2m+1 \\ p \text{ prime}}} p$ divides $\binom{2m+1}{m}$ and show that $\binom{2m+1}{m} \leqslant 4^{m}$.