Let $P ( x , y , z )$ be a point in the first octant, whose projection in the $x y$-plane is the point $Q$. Let $O P = \gamma$; the angle between $O Q$ and the positive $x$-axis be $\theta$; and the angle between $O P$ and the positive $z$-axis be $\phi$, where $O$ is the origin. Then the distance of $P$ from the $x$-axis is (1) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 - \sin ^ { 2 } \phi \cos ^ { 2 } \theta }$ (2) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 - \sin ^ { 2 } \theta \cos ^ { 2 } \phi }$ (3) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 + \cos ^ { 2 } \phi \sin ^ { 2 } \theta }$ (4) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 + \cos ^ { 2 } \theta \sin ^ { 2 } \phi }$
Let $P ( x , y , z )$ be a point in the first octant, whose projection in the $x y$-plane is the point $Q$. Let $O P = \gamma$; the angle between $O Q$ and the positive $x$-axis be $\theta$; and the angle between $O P$ and the positive $z$-axis be $\phi$, where $O$ is the origin. Then the distance of $P$ from the $x$-axis is\\
(1) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 - \sin ^ { 2 } \phi \cos ^ { 2 } \theta }$\\
(2) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 - \sin ^ { 2 } \theta \cos ^ { 2 } \phi }$\\
(3) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 + \cos ^ { 2 } \phi \sin ^ { 2 } \theta }$\\
(4) $\gamma \sqrt { 1 + \cos ^ { 2 } \theta \sin ^ { 2 } \phi }$