csat-suneung

2008 csat__math-humanities

29 maths questions

Q1 2 marks Laws of Logarithms Simplify or Evaluate a Logarithmic Expression View
What is the value of $8 ^ { \frac { 2 } { 3 } } + \log _ { 2 } 8$? [2 points]
(1) 5
(2) 6
(3) 7
(4) 8
(5) 9
Q2 2 marks Matrices Matrix Algebra and Product Properties View
For two matrices $A = \left( \begin{array} { r r } 1 & - 2 \\ 3 & 0 \end{array} \right) , B = \left( \begin{array} { r r } 2 & 0 \\ 1 & - 1 \end{array} \right)$, what is the matrix $X$ that satisfies $A = 2 B - X$? [2 points]
(1) $\left( \begin{array} { r r } 3 & 2 \\ - 1 & - 2 \end{array} \right)$
(2) $\left( \begin{array} { r r } 3 & - 2 \\ 1 & 2 \end{array} \right)$
(3) $\left( \begin{array} { r r } - 1 & - 2 \\ 3 & 2 \end{array} \right)$
(4) $\left( \begin{array} { r r } - 2 & - 1 \\ 2 & 3 \end{array} \right)$
(5) $\left( \begin{array} { l l } - 3 & 1 \\ - 2 & 2 \end{array} \right)$
Q3 2 marks Sequences and Series Limit Evaluation Involving Sequences View
What is the value of $\lim _ { n \rightarrow \infty } \frac { n } { \sqrt { 4 n ^ { 2 } + 1 } + \sqrt { n ^ { 2 } + 2 } }$? [2 points]
(1) 1
(2) $\frac { 1 } { 2 }$
(3) $\frac { 1 } { 3 }$
(4) $\frac { 1 } { 4 }$
(5) $\frac { 1 } { 5 }$
Q4 3 marks Indices and Surds Evaluating Expressions Using Index Laws View
When $a = \sqrt { 2 } , b ^ { 3 } = \sqrt { 3 }$, what is the value of $( a b ) ^ { 2 }$? (Here, $b$ is a real number.) [3 points]
(1) $2 \cdot 3 ^ { \frac { 1 } { 3 } }$
(2) $2 \cdot 3 ^ { \frac { 2 } { 3 } }$
(3) $2 ^ { \frac { 1 } { 2 } } \cdot 3 ^ { \frac { 1 } { 3 } }$
(4) $3 \cdot 2 ^ { \frac { 1 } { 3 } }$
(5) $3 \cdot 2 ^ { \frac { 2 } { 3 } }$
Q5 3 marks Matrices Linear System and Inverse Existence View
For the matrix $A = \left( \begin{array} { c c } 2 n & - 7 \\ - 1 & n \end{array} \right)$, what is the natural number $n$ such that all components of the inverse matrix $A ^ { - 1 }$ are natural numbers? [3 points]
(1) 1
(2) 2
(3) 3
(4) 4
(5) 5
Q6 3 marks Binomial Theorem (positive integer n) Find a Specific Coefficient in a Single Binomial Expansion View
What is the coefficient of $x$ in the expansion of $\left( 2 x + \frac { 1 } { 2 x } \right) ^ { 7 }$? [3 points]
(1) 14
(2) 28
(3) 42
(4) 56
(5) 70
Q7 3 marks Independent Events View
Two events $A , B$ are independent and $\mathrm { P } \left( A ^ { C } \right) = \mathrm { P } ( B ) = \frac { 1 } { 3 }$. What is the value of $\mathrm { P } ( A \cap B )$? (Here, $A ^ { C }$ is the complement of $A$.) [3 points]
(1) $\frac { 1 } { 18 }$
(2) $\frac { 1 } { 9 }$
(3) $\frac { 1 } { 6 }$
(4) $\frac { 2 } { 9 }$
(5) $\frac { 5 } { 18 }$
Q8 3 marks Continuous Probability Distributions and Random Variables PDF Graph Interpretation and Probability Computation View
A continuous random variable $X$ has a range of $0 \leqq X \leqq 3$, and the probabilities $\mathrm { P } ( X \leqq 1 )$ and $\mathrm { P } ( X \leqq 2 )$ are the two roots of the quadratic equation $6 x ^ { 2 } - 5 x + 1 = 0$. What is the value of the probability $\mathrm { P } ( 1 < X \leqq 2 )$? [3 points]
(1) $\frac { 1 } { 12 }$
(2) $\frac { 1 } { 6 }$
(3) $\frac { 1 } { 4 }$
(4) $\frac { 1 } { 3 }$
(5) $\frac { 5 } { 12 }$
Q9 3 marks Permutations & Arrangements Selection and Task Assignment View
A music concert is divided into Part 1 and Part 2, with 2 solo teams, 2 ensemble teams, and 3 choir teams performing in total. The performance order of the 7 teams is to be determined according to the following two conditions.
(A) In Part 1, 3 teams perform in the order: solo, ensemble, choir.
(B) In Part 2, 4 teams perform in the order: solo, ensemble, choir, choir. What is the number of ways to determine the performance order for this music concert? [3 points]
(1) 18
(2) 20
(3) 22
(4) 24
(5) 26
Q11 3 marks Proof by induction Fill in missing steps of a given induction proof View
The following proves by mathematical induction that for all natural numbers $n$,
$$\left( 1 ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot 1 ! + \left( 2 ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot 2 ! + \cdots + \left( n ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot n ! = n \cdot ( n + 1 ) !$$
holds.
(1) When $n = 1$, (left side) = 2, (right side) = 2, so the given equation holds.
(2) Assuming it holds when $n = k$,
$$\begin{aligned} \left( 1 ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot 1 ! & + \left( 2 ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot 2 ! + \cdots \\ & + \left( k ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot k ! = k \cdot ( k + 1 ) ! \end{aligned}$$
We show that it holds when $n = k + 1$.
$$\begin{aligned} \left( 1 ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot 1 ! + \left( 2 ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot 2 ! + \cdots + \left( k ^ { 2 } + 1 \right) \cdot k ! + \left\{ ( k + 1 ) ^ { 2 } + 1 \right\} \cdot ( k + 1 ) ! \\ = ( \text{ (A) } ) + \left\{ ( k + 1 ) ^ { 2 } + 1 \right\} \cdot ( k + 1 ) ! \\ = ( k + 1 ) \cdot \text{((B))} \cdot ( k + 1 ) ! \\ = \text{ ((C)) } \end{aligned}$$
Therefore, it also holds when $n = k + 1$. Thus, the given equation holds for all natural numbers $n$.
Which expressions are correct for (A), (B), and (C) in the above proof? [3 points]
$\underline { ( \text{ (A) } ) }$$\underline { ( \text{ (B) } ) }$$\underline { ( \text{ (C) } ) }$
$( 1 ) k \cdot ( k + 1 ) !$$k ^ { 2 } + 2 k + 1$$( k + 1 ) !$
$( 2 ) k \cdot ( k + 1 ) !$$k ^ { 2 } + 3 k + 2$$( k + 2 ) !$
$( 3 ) k \cdot ( k + 1 ) !$$k ^ { 2 } + 3 k + 2$$( k + 1 ) !$
$( 4 ) ( k + 1 ) \cdot ( k + 1 ) !$$k ^ { 2 } + 3 k + 2$$( k + 2 ) !$
$( 5 ) ( k + 1 ) \cdot ( k + 1 ) !$$k ^ { 2 } + 2 k + 1$$( k + 1 ) !$
Q12 3 marks Conditional Probability Combinatorial Conditional Probability (Counting-Based) View
Bag A contains 5 cards with the numbers $1,2,3,4,5$ written on them, one each, and Bag B contains 5 cards with the numbers $6,7,8,9,10$ written on them, one each. One card is randomly drawn from each of the two bags A and B. When the sum of the two numbers on the drawn cards is odd, what is the probability that the number on the card drawn from Bag A is even? [3 points]
(1) $\frac { 5 } { 13 }$
(2) $\frac { 4 } { 13 }$
(3) $\frac { 3 } { 13 }$
(4) $\frac { 2 } { 13 }$
(5) $\frac { 1 } { 13 }$
Q13 4 marks Normal Distribution Finding Unknown Mean from a Given Probability Condition View
A physical examination was conducted on 1000 new employees of a company, and it was found that height follows a normal distribution with mean $m$ and standard deviation 10. Among all new employees, 242 had a height of 177 or more. Using the standard normal distribution table on the right, what is the probability that a randomly selected new employee from all new employees has a height of 180 or more? (Here, the unit of height is cm.) [4 points]
$z$$\mathrm { P } ( 0 \leqq Z \leqq z )$
0.70.2580
0.80.2881
0.90.3159
1.00.3413

(1) 0.1587
(2) 0.1841
(3) 0.2119
(4) 0.2267
(5) 0.2420
Q14 4 marks Permutations & Arrangements Lattice Path / Grid Route Counting View
A square is divided into three equal parts horizontally to create [Figure 1], and divided into three equal parts vertically to create [Figure 2]. [Figure 1] and [Figure 2] are alternately attached repeatedly to create the following figure. As shown in the figure, let A be the upper left vertex of the first attached [Figure 1], and let $\mathrm { B } _ { n }$ be the lower right vertex of the figure created by attaching a total of $n$ figures (combining the number of [Figure 1] and [Figure 2]).
When $a _ { n }$ is the number of shortest paths from vertex A to vertex $\mathrm { B } _ { n }$ along the lines, what is the value of $a _ { 3 } + a _ { 7 }$? [4 points]
(1) 26
(2) 28
(3) 30
(4) 32
(5) 34
Q15 4 marks Matrices True/False or Multiple-Select Conceptual Reasoning View
For two non-zero real numbers $a , b$, two square matrices $A , B$ satisfy $AB = \left( \begin{array} { l l } a & 0 \\ 0 & b \end{array} \right)$. Which of the following in are correct? [4 points]
ㄱ. If $a = b$, then the inverse matrix $A ^ { - 1 }$ of $A$ exists. ㄴ. If $a = b$, then $A B = B A$. ㄷ. If $a \neq b$ and $A = \left( \begin{array} { l l } 1 & 0 \\ 1 & 1 \end{array} \right)$, then $A B = B A$.
(1) ㄱ
(2) ㄷ
(3) ㄱ, ㄴ
(4) ㄴ, ㄷ
(5) ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ
Q16 4 marks Laws of Logarithms Logarithmic Function Graph Intersection or Geometric Analysis View
The line $y = 2 - x$ intersects the graphs of the two logarithmic functions $y = \log _ { 2 } x$ and $y = \log _ { 3 } x$ at points $\left( x _ { 1 } , y _ { 1 } \right)$ and $\left( x _ { 2 } , y _ { 2 } \right)$, respectively. Which of the following in are correct? [4 points]
ㄱ. $x _ { 1 } > y _ { 2 }$ ㄴ. $x _ { 2 } - x _ { 1 } = y _ { 1 } - y _ { 2 }$ ㄷ. $x _ { 1 } y _ { 1 } > x _ { 2 } y _ { 2 }$
(1) ㄱ
(2) ㄷ
(3) ㄱ, ㄴ
(4) ㄴ, ㄷ
(5) ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ
Q17 4 marks Geometric Sequences and Series Fractal/Iterative Geometric Construction (Area, Length, or Perimeter Series) View
Inside a rectangle with width 6 and height 8, a circle with center at the intersection of the two diagonals and diameter equal to $\frac { 1 } { 3 }$ of the width of the rectangle is drawn to obtain figure $R _ { 1 }$. From figure $R _ { 1 }$, four rectangles are drawn with each segment from a vertex of the rectangle to the intersection of the diagonal and circle as the diagonal. Inside each of the newly drawn rectangles, a circle with center at the intersection of the two diagonals and diameter equal to $\frac { 1 } { 3 }$ of the width of the newly drawn rectangle is drawn to obtain figure $R _ { 2 }$.
In figure $R _ { 2 }$, for each of the four congruent rectangles, four rectangles are drawn with each segment from a vertex to the intersection of the diagonal and circle as the diagonal. Inside each of the newly drawn rectangles, a circle with center at the intersection of the two diagonals and diameter equal to $\frac { 1 } { 3 }$ of the width of the newly drawn rectangle is drawn to obtain figure $R _ { 3 }$. Continuing this process, let $S _ { n }$ be the sum of the areas of all circles in the $n$-th obtained figure $R _ { n }$. What is the value of $\lim _ { n \rightarrow \infty } S _ { n }$? (Here, the widths and heights of all rectangles are parallel to each other, respectively.) [4 points]
(1) $\frac { 37 } { 9 } \pi$
(2) $\frac { 34 } { 9 } \pi$
(3) $\frac { 31 } { 9 } \pi$
(4) $\frac { 28 } { 9 } \pi$
(5) $\frac { 25 } { 9 } \pi$
Q18 3 marks Arithmetic Sequences and Series Find Specific Term from Given Conditions View
For an arithmetic sequence $\left\{ a _ { n } \right\}$ with $a _ { 2 } = 3 , a _ { 5 } = 24$, find the value of $a _ { 7 }$. [3 points]
Q19 3 marks Laws of Logarithms Solve a Logarithmic Inequality View
Find the maximum natural number $x$ that satisfies the inequality $\left( \log _ { 3 } x \right) \left( \log _ { 3 } 3 x \right) \leqq 20$. [3 points]
Q20 3 marks Matrices Matrix Power Computation and Application View
For the matrix $A = \left( \begin{array} { l l } 1 & 0 \\ 3 & 1 \end{array} \right)$ with $A ^ { 8 } = \left( \begin{array} { l l } 1 & 0 \\ a & 1 \end{array} \right)$, find the value of $a$. [3 points]
Q21 3 marks Sequences and series, recurrence and convergence Convergence proof and limit determination View
For a sequence $\left\{ a _ { n } \right\}$ with $\sum _ { n = 1 } ^ { \infty } \frac { a _ { n } } { 4 ^ { n } } = 2$, find the value of $\lim _ { n \rightarrow \infty } \frac { a _ { n } + 4 ^ { n + 1 } - 3 ^ { n - 1 } } { 4 ^ { n - 1 } + 3 ^ { n + 1 } }$. [3 points]
Q22 4 marks Laws of Logarithms Logarithmic Formula Application (Modeling) View
The average number of earthquakes $N$ with magnitude $M$ or greater occurring in a region over one year satisfies the following equation.
$$\log N = a - 0.9 M ( \text{ where } a \text{ is a positive constant } )$$
In this region, earthquakes with magnitude 4 or greater occur on average 64 times per year. Earthquakes with magnitude $x$ or greater occur on average once per year. Find the value of $9 x$. (Use $\log 2 = 0.3$ for the calculation.) [4 points]
Q23 4 marks Binomial Distribution Find Parameters from Moment Conditions View
When rolling a die 20 times, let $X$ be the random variable representing the number of times the face 1 appears, and when tossing a coin $n$ times, let $Y$ be the random variable representing the number of times heads appears. Find the minimum value of $n$ such that the variance of $Y$ is greater than the variance of $X$. [4 points]
Q24 4 marks Sequences and Series Evaluation of a Finite or Infinite Sum View
For a natural number $n \geq 2$, let $C _ { n }$ be the circle obtained by translating the circle $C$ with center at the origin and radius 1 by $\frac { 2 } { n }$ in the $x$-direction. Let $l _ { n }$ be the length of the common chord of circles $C$ and $C _ { n }$. When $\sum _ { n = 2 } ^ { \infty } \frac { 1 } { \left( n l _ { n } \right) ^ { 2 } } = \frac { q } { p }$, find the value of $p + q$. (Here, $p , q$ are coprime natural numbers.) [4 points]
Q25 4 marks Combinations & Selection Selection with Group/Category Constraints View
A training center operates 5 different types of experience programs. Two participants A and B, who participated in the programs at this training center, each want to select 2 types from the 5 types of experience programs. Find the number of cases where A and B select exactly one type of experience program in common. [4 points]
Q26 3 marks Exponential Functions Graph Transformations and Symmetry View
When the graph of the function $f ( x ) = 2 ^ { x }$ is translated by $m$ in the $x$-direction and by $n$ in the $y$-direction, the graph of the function $y = g ( x )$ is obtained. By this translation, point $\mathrm { A } ( 1 , f ( 1 ) )$ moves to point $\mathrm { A } ^ { \prime } ( 3 , g ( 3 ) )$. When the graph of the function $y = g ( x )$ passes through the point $( 0,1 )$, what is the value of $m + n$? [3 points]
(1) $\frac { 11 } { 4 }$
(2) 3
(3) $\frac { 13 } { 4 }$
(4) $\frac { 7 } { 2 }$
(5) $\frac { 15 } { 4 }$
Q27 4 marks Probability Definitions Finite Equally-Likely Probability Computation View
Six students $\mathrm { A } , \mathrm { B } , \mathrm { C } , \mathrm { D } , \mathrm { E } , \mathrm { F }$ are to be randomly paired into 3 groups of 2. What is the probability that A and B are in the same group and C and D are in different groups? [4 points]
(1) $\frac { 1 } { 15 }$
(2) $\frac { 1 } { 10 }$
(3) $\frac { 2 } { 15 }$
(4) $\frac { 1 } { 6 }$
(5) $\frac { 1 } { 5 }$
Q28 4 marks Arithmetic Sequences and Series Counting or Combinatorial Problems on APs View
Points are marked on the coordinate plane in the following [Steps]. [Step 1] Mark a point at $( 0,1 )$. [Step 2] Mark 3 points at $( 0,3 ) , ( 1,3 ) , ( 2,3 )$ in this order. $\vdots$ [Step $k$ ] Mark $( 2 k - 1 )$ points at $( 0,2 k - 1 ) , ( 1,2 k - 1 ) , ( 2,2 k - 1 ) , \cdots$, $( 2 k - 2,2 k - 1 )$ in this order. (Here, $k$ is a natural number.) $\vdots$ When points are marked in this manner starting from [Step 1], the coordinates of the 100th marked point are $( p , q )$. What is the value of $p + q$? [4 points]
(1) 46
(2) 43
(3) 40
(4) 37
(5) 34
Q29 4 marks Normal Distribution Sampling Distribution of the Mean View
Let $\bar { X }$ be the sample mean of a sample of size 25 randomly extracted from a population that follows a normal distribution with population mean 75 and population standard deviation 5. For a random variable $Z$ following the standard normal distribution, a positive constant $c$ satisfies
$$\mathrm { P } ( | Z | > c ) = 0.06$$
Which of the following in are correct? [4 points]
ㄱ. For a constant $a$ such that $\mathrm { P } ( Z > a ) = 0.05$, we have $c > a$. ㄴ. $\mathrm { P } ( \bar { X } \leqq c + 75 ) = 0.97$ ㄷ. For a constant $b$ such that $\mathrm { P } ( \bar { X } > b ) = 0.01$, we have $c < b - 75$.
(1) ㄱ
(2) ㄷ
(3) ㄱ, ㄴ
(4) ㄴ, ㄷ
(5) ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ
Q30 4 marks Laws of Logarithms Characteristic and Mantissa of Common Logarithms View
For a two-digit natural number $N$, when the mantissa of $\log N$ is $\alpha$,
$$\frac { 1 } { 2 } + \log N = \alpha + \log _ { 4 } \frac { N } { 8 }$$
Find the value of $N$ that satisfies this equation. [4 points]