grandes-ecoles 2015 QII.A.1

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths1__psi Probability Generating Functions PGF of sum of independent variables
Let $(X_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}^*}$ be a sequence of random variables, mutually independent, with the same distribution taking values in $\mathbb{N}$, and let $T$ be a random variable taking values in $\mathbb{N}$ independent of the previous ones. We denote by $G_X$ the generating function common to all the $X_n$. For $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $\omega\in\Omega$, we set $S_n(\omega)=\sum_{k=1}^n X_k(\omega)$ and $S_0(\omega)=0$, then $S(\omega)=S_{T(\omega)}(\omega)$.
Show that, if $X$ and $Y$ are two independent random variables taking values in $\mathbb{N}$, then $G_{X+Y}=G_X G_Y$.
Let $(X_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}^*}$ be a sequence of random variables, mutually independent, with the same distribution taking values in $\mathbb{N}$, and let $T$ be a random variable taking values in $\mathbb{N}$ independent of the previous ones. We denote by $G_X$ the generating function common to all the $X_n$. For $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $\omega\in\Omega$, we set $S_n(\omega)=\sum_{k=1}^n X_k(\omega)$ and $S_0(\omega)=0$, then $S(\omega)=S_{T(\omega)}(\omega)$.

Show that, if $X$ and $Y$ are two independent random variables taking values in $\mathbb{N}$, then $G_{X+Y}=G_X G_Y$.