jee-advanced 2004 Q19

jee-advanced · India · screening Probability Definitions Combinatorial Probability
19. A bag contains 12 red balls and 6 white balls. Six balls are drawn one by one without replacement of which atleast 4 balls are white. Find the probability that in the next two draws exactly one white ball is drawn. (leave the answer in terms of ${ } ^ { \mathrm { n } } \mathrm { C } _ { \mathrm { r } }$ ).
Sol. Let $\mathrm { P } ( \mathrm { A } )$ be the probability that atleast 4 white balls have been drawn. $P \left( A _ { 1 } \right)$ be the probability that exactly 4 white balls have been drawn. $\mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { A } _ { 2 } \right)$ be the probability that exactly 5 white balls have been drawn. $P \left( A _ { 3 } \right)$ be the probability that exactly 6 white balls have been drawn. $\mathrm { P } ( \mathrm { B } )$ be the probability that exactly 1 white ball is drawn from two draws. $\mathrm { P } ( \mathrm { B } / \mathrm { A } ) = \frac { \sum _ { \mathrm { i } = 1 } ^ { 3 } \mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { A } _ { \mathrm { i } } \right) \mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { B } / \mathrm { A } _ { \mathrm { i } } \right) } { \sum _ { \mathrm { i } = 1 } ^ { 3 } \mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { A } _ { \mathrm { i } } \right) } = \frac { \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } \cdot \frac { { } ^ { 10 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 2 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } } { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } } + \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } \cdot \frac { { } ^ { 11 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 1 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } } { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } } } { \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } + \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } + \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 0 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } }$ $= \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } { } ^ { 10 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 2 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } + { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } { } ^ { 11 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 1 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } } { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \left( { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } + { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } + { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 0 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } \right) }$
A unit vector in the plane of the vectors $2 \hat { i } + \hat { j } + \hat { k }$ and $\hat { i } - \hat { j } + \hat { k }$ and orthogonal to the vector $5 \hat { i } + 2 \hat { j } + 6 \hat { k }$ is
19. A bag contains 12 red balls and 6 white balls. Six balls are drawn one by one without replacement of which atleast 4 balls are white. Find the probability that in the next two draws exactly one white ball is drawn. (leave the answer in terms of ${ } ^ { \mathrm { n } } \mathrm { C } _ { \mathrm { r } }$ ).

Sol. Let $\mathrm { P } ( \mathrm { A } )$ be the probability that atleast 4 white balls have been drawn.\\
$P \left( A _ { 1 } \right)$ be the probability that exactly 4 white balls have been drawn.\\
$\mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { A } _ { 2 } \right)$ be the probability that exactly 5 white balls have been drawn.\\
$P \left( A _ { 3 } \right)$ be the probability that exactly 6 white balls have been drawn.\\
$\mathrm { P } ( \mathrm { B } )$ be the probability that exactly 1 white ball is drawn from two draws.\\
$\mathrm { P } ( \mathrm { B } / \mathrm { A } ) = \frac { \sum _ { \mathrm { i } = 1 } ^ { 3 } \mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { A } _ { \mathrm { i } } \right) \mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { B } / \mathrm { A } _ { \mathrm { i } } \right) } { \sum _ { \mathrm { i } = 1 } ^ { 3 } \mathrm { P } \left( \mathrm { A } _ { \mathrm { i } } \right) } = \frac { \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } \cdot \frac { { } ^ { 10 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 2 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } } { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } } + \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } \cdot \frac { { } ^ { 11 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 1 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } } { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } } } { \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } + \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } + \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 0 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } { { } ^ { 18 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } } }$\\
$= \frac { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } { } ^ { 10 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 2 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } + { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } { } ^ { 11 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 1 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } } { { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } \left( { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 2 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 4 } + { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 1 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 5 } + { } ^ { 12 } \mathrm { C } _ { 0 } { } ^ { 6 } \mathrm { C } _ { 6 } \right) }$\\