grandes-ecoles 2011 QII.B.2

grandes-ecoles · France · centrale-maths1__mp Sequences and Series Asymptotic Equivalents and Growth Estimates for Sequences/Series
Let $f$ be the function defined on $\mathbb { R } _ { + } ^ { * }$ by $f ( x ) = \frac { 1 } { ( 1 - \alpha ) x ^ { \alpha - 1 } }$, where $\alpha$ is a real number strictly greater than 1. We fix a non-zero natural integer $p$ and denote by $g = a _ { 0 } f + a _ { 1 } f ^ { \prime } + \cdots + a _ { 2 p - 1 } f ^ { ( 2 p - 1 ) }$. For every $k \in \mathbb { N } ^ { * }$, we set $R ( k ) = g ( k + 1 ) - g ( k ) - f ^ { \prime } ( k )$.
Deduce the asymptotic expansion of the remainder $$R _ { n } ( \alpha ) = \sum _ { k = n } ^ { + \infty } \frac { 1 } { k ^ { \alpha } } = - \left( a _ { 0 } f ( n ) + a _ { 1 } f ^ { \prime } ( n ) + a _ { 2 } f ^ { \prime \prime } ( n ) + \cdots + a _ { 2 p - 2 } f ^ { ( 2 p - 2 ) } ( n ) \right) + O \left( \frac { 1 } { n ^ { 2 p + \alpha - 1 } } \right)$$
Let $f$ be the function defined on $\mathbb { R } _ { + } ^ { * }$ by $f ( x ) = \frac { 1 } { ( 1 - \alpha ) x ^ { \alpha - 1 } }$, where $\alpha$ is a real number strictly greater than 1. We fix a non-zero natural integer $p$ and denote by $g = a _ { 0 } f + a _ { 1 } f ^ { \prime } + \cdots + a _ { 2 p - 1 } f ^ { ( 2 p - 1 ) }$. For every $k \in \mathbb { N } ^ { * }$, we set $R ( k ) = g ( k + 1 ) - g ( k ) - f ^ { \prime } ( k )$.

Deduce the asymptotic expansion of the remainder
$$R _ { n } ( \alpha ) = \sum _ { k = n } ^ { + \infty } \frac { 1 } { k ^ { \alpha } } = - \left( a _ { 0 } f ( n ) + a _ { 1 } f ^ { \prime } ( n ) + a _ { 2 } f ^ { \prime \prime } ( n ) + \cdots + a _ { 2 p - 2 } f ^ { ( 2 p - 2 ) } ( n ) \right) + O \left( \frac { 1 } { n ^ { 2 p + \alpha - 1 } } \right)$$