grandes-ecoles 2022 Q8

grandes-ecoles · France · mines-ponts-maths1__pc Indefinite & Definite Integrals Piecewise/Periodic Function Integration
The function $q$ associates to any real $x$ the real number $q ( x ) = x - \lfloor x \rfloor - \frac { 1 } { 2 }$, where $\lfloor x \rfloor$ denotes the integer part of $x$.
Show that for all integer $n > 1$,
$$\int _ { 1 } ^ { n } \frac { q ( u ) } { u } \mathrm {~d} u = \ln ( n ! ) + ( n - 1 ) - n \ln ( n ) - \frac { 1 } { 2 } \ln ( n ) = \ln \left( \frac { n ! e ^ { n } } { n ^ { n } \sqrt { n } } \right) - 1$$
The function $q$ associates to any real $x$ the real number $q ( x ) = x - \lfloor x \rfloor - \frac { 1 } { 2 }$, where $\lfloor x \rfloor$ denotes the integer part of $x$.

Show that for all integer $n > 1$,

$$\int _ { 1 } ^ { n } \frac { q ( u ) } { u } \mathrm {~d} u = \ln ( n ! ) + ( n - 1 ) - n \ln ( n ) - \frac { 1 } { 2 } \ln ( n ) = \ln \left( \frac { n ! e ^ { n } } { n ^ { n } \sqrt { n } } \right) - 1$$