grandes-ecoles 2025 Q16

grandes-ecoles · France · mines-ponts-maths2__pc Addition & Double Angle Formulae Multi-Step Composite Problem Using Identities
Using the formula established for $( p , q ) \in E _ { 3 }$: $$S _ { p , q } = \frac { 1 } { p } \left( \frac { \pi } { p } \sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { \lfloor p / 2 \rfloor - 1 } ( p - 1 - 2 k ) \sin \left( q \theta _ { k } \right) - 2 \sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { \lfloor p / 2 \rfloor - 1 } \cos \left( q \theta _ { k } \right) \ln \left( \sin \left( \frac { \theta _ { k } } { 2 } \right) \right) \right)$$ where $\theta_k := (2k+1)\dfrac{\pi}{p}$, deduce the exact values of $S _ { 2,1 }$ and $S _ { 3,1 }$.
Using the formula established for $( p , q ) \in E _ { 3 }$:
$$S _ { p , q } = \frac { 1 } { p } \left( \frac { \pi } { p } \sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { \lfloor p / 2 \rfloor - 1 } ( p - 1 - 2 k ) \sin \left( q \theta _ { k } \right) - 2 \sum _ { k = 0 } ^ { \lfloor p / 2 \rfloor - 1 } \cos \left( q \theta _ { k } \right) \ln \left( \sin \left( \frac { \theta _ { k } } { 2 } \right) \right) \right)$$
where $\theta_k := (2k+1)\dfrac{\pi}{p}$, deduce the exact values of $S _ { 2,1 }$ and $S _ { 3,1 }$.