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All Questions
223. Which statement about formic acid is correct?
  • [(1)] It is the most widely used carboxylic acid.
  • [(2)] With water, it forms hydrogen bonds.
  • [(3)] In its structure, there are five electron pairs.
  • [(4)] It is prepared synthetically and is not found in nature.
224. Considering the structure of lactic acid below, which functional group will the resulting polymer have?
$$\text{CH}_3-\text{CH}-\text{COOH}$$ $$|$$ $$\text{OH} \quad \textbf{Lactic acid}$$
  • [(1)] Collar
  • [(2)] Cellulose
  • [(3)] Polyethylene
  • [(4)] Polyethylene terephthalate

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225 – By oxidation of which compound can terephthalic acid be prepared?

[Figure: benzene ring with one $CH_3$ substituent and one $CH_3$ substituent at para positions] (1)[Figure: benzene ring with three $CH_3$ substituents at 1,3,5 positions, and $H_3C$ group] (2)
[2em] [Figure: benzene ring with two $CH_3$ substituents at adjacent positions and one $CH_3$ at another position] (3)[Figure: benzene ring with two $CH_3$ substituents at ortho positions] (4)

226 – In an experiment, 10 moles of a diamine react completely with 10 moles of a diacid and are converted to water and polyamide. The reaction is: $$\text{Water} + \text{Polyamide} \rightarrow \text{Diamine} + \text{Diacid}$$ How many moles of water are formed?
(1) $10$ (2) $20$ (3) $30$ (4) $40$
227 – To increase the cleaning power of detergents, which substance is better to add?
(1) Magnesium chloride (2) Calcium hydroxide
(3) Sodium hydrogen carbonate (4) Aluminum hydroxide
228 – To $200\,\text{mL}$ of hard water $(d = 1\,\text{g.mL}^{-1})$ containing $\text{Ca}^{2+}$ ions at a concentration of $2000\,\text{ppm}$, $4.72$ grams of soap with molar mass $236\,\text{g.mol}^{-1}$ is added. Assuming the reaction of soap with calcium ions is complete, what percentage of it precipitates? $(Ca = 40,\ Na = 23\ ;\ \text{g.mol}^{-1})$
(The balanced equation is: $\text{RCOONa(aq)} + \text{CaCl}_2\text{(aq)} \rightarrow (\text{RCOO})_2\text{Ca(s)} + \text{NaCl(aq)}$)
(1) $15$ (2) $20$ (3) $50$ (4) $100$
229 – If in a $0.1$ molar solution of a weak acid, the concentration of hydronium ions is $4\times10^{-3}$ moles per liter, what are the degree of ionization and pH of the solution, respectively? $(\log 4 \approx 0.6)$
(1) $2/4\ ,\ 1/2$ (2) $2/6\ ,\ 1/2$ (3) $2/4\ ,\ 4$ (4) $2/6\ ,\ 4$
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Chemistry 121-A Page 24

230-- Which figure shows the standard electrode for a copper half-cell? (Temperature is constant and equal to $25^\circ$C.)
[Figure: Four diagrams of electrochemical half-cells labeled (1), (2), (3), (4). Options (1) and (3) show copper plates with $\mathrm{Cu^{2+}}$ $(1\,\mathrm{mol.L^{-1}})$ solution; option (2) shows a platinum plate with $\mathrm{Cu^{2+}}$ $(1\,\mathrm{mol.L^{-1}})$; option (4) shows a copper plate with $\mathrm{H^+}$ $(1\,\mathrm{mol.L^{-1}})$ and distilled water.]

231-- Considering the process of rusting of iron in moist air, what roles does water play in this reaction?
  • [(1)] oxidizer, solvent
  • [(2)] reducer, solvent
  • [(3)] electrolyte, oxidizer
  • [(4)] electrolyte, oxidizer, reducer


232-- The electromotive force ($\mathrm{E^\circ}$) of the reaction: $\mathrm{M(s) + 2Ag^+(aq) \rightarrow M^{2+}(aq) + 2Ag(s)}$ is equal to $+1.56$ V and $\mathrm{E^\circ}$ of the electrode M is $+0.80$ V. The $\mathrm{E^\circ}$ of electrode M is $+0.80$ V, the potential of cation $\mathrm{Ag^+(aq)}$ is .............. and the cation $\mathrm{M^{2+}(aq)}$ is ..............
  • [(1)] $-0/4$, reducer (2) $+0/4$, oxidizer (3) $-0/76$, reducer (4) $-0/76$, oxidizer


233-- In the graph, how many carbon atoms are connected to other carbon atoms and what type of bonds exist between them -- which compound has carbon atoms most similar to each other?
  • [(1)] 3, benzene
  • [(2)] 4, benzene
  • [(3)] 3, cyclohexane
  • [(4)] 4, cyclohexane


234-- Which statement about carbonyl sulfide and sulfur trioxide is correct?
  • [(1)] Their geometric shapes are similar and the central atom has a partial positive charge ($\delta+$).
  • [(2)] In both, the central atom has a linear shape.
  • [(3)] Both have two polar bonds, each greater than zero.
  • [(4)] The number of electrons of the central atom in both is equal.


235-- In a $2$-liter container, $1$ mol of ammonia gas, $2$ mol of hydrogen gas, and $2$ mol of nitrogen gas are placed at a certain temperature. The equilibrium constant for this equilibrium is equal to $\mathbf{L^2 \cdot mol^{-2}}$ .............. and by lowering the temperature, the equilibrium constant .............. The reaction .............. shifts in the direction .............. $(\Delta H < 0)$: $$\mathrm{N_2(g) + 3H_2(g) \rightleftharpoons 2NH_3(g)}$$
  • [(1)] $0/25$, increases, forward
  • [(2)] $0/16$, remains constant, forward
  • [(3)] $0/25$, decreases, reverse
  • [(4)] $0/16$, remains constant, reverse

\begin{flushright} \fbox{Calculation Space} \end{flushright}
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1) Differences in communication between humans and pigeons
1-1. If $A$ and $B$ are two non-empty sets with the condition $A \subset B$, then which of the following relations is incorrect?
(1) $B - A' = A$ (2) $A - B' = A$ (3) $A \cap B' = \phi$ (4) $B \cap A' = \phi$

1-2. The set $\Big(A - B\Big) \cup \Big((B \cap C)' \cap \big((B' \cup A) - B\big)\Big)$ is equal to which set?
(1) $A \cup B'$ (2) $A \cap B'$ (3) $A$ (4) $B'$

1-3. In the sets of four elements $\Lambda = \{x+2, 1, 4, y\}$ and $B = \{5, 7, z, t-1\}$, suppose $A \times B = B \times A$. The number of sets in the form $\{(x,y), (z,t)\}$ is how many?
(1) $2$ (2) $3$ (3) $4$ (4) $6$

1-4. When we divide the polynomial $P(x)$ by $x-1$ and $2x+1$ respectively, the remainders are $8$ and $5$. When we divide $P(x)$ by $2x^2 - x - 1$, the remainder is:
(1) $-x+4$ (2) $x+2$ (3) $7x+6$ (4) $7x-3$

1-5. Which statement about the equation $f(x) = x^2 - x^{\frac{1}{2}} = 0$ is correct?
(1) The equation has two roots in the interval $[1, \infty)$. (2) The equation has no roots in the interval $[1, \infty)$.
(3) The equation has one root in the interval $[1, \infty)$. (4) The equation has at most one root in the interval $[1, \infty)$.

1-6. The area of the region bounded by the graphs of the two functions $y = \sqrt{x^2 - 4x + 4} + 2$ and $y = \dfrac{1}{2}x + 2$ is:
(1) $8$ (2) $9$ (3) $10$ (4) $12$

1-7. If $f(x) = x + \sqrt{x}$ and $g(x) = \dfrac{9x+6}{1-x}$, and $(g^{-1} \circ f^{-1})(20)$ is defined, what is its value?
(1) $\dfrac{2}{5}$ (2) $\dfrac{3}{5}$ (3) $\dfrac{2}{3}$ (4) $\dfrac{3}{4}$

1-8. The graph of the function $f(x) = \sqrt{x}$ is reflected about the $y$-axis, then the resulting curve is shifted 4 units to the right. The asymptote and the main curve are symmetric with respect to which line?
(1) $x = 1$ (2) $x = 1.5$ (3) $x = 2$ (4) $x = 2.5$
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2) Importance of body movement in human communication
2) For the complete reaction of the two gases, there is not enough oxygen.
3) Recognition of facial expressions
3) The number of constituent molecules of gas in container II is 4 times that in container I.
4) Emotions that our face can show
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4) The total volume of the initial gas at STP is equal to 12.32 liters of $\text{CO}$ gas under the same conditions.
9-- In which line do all the literary devices ``simile, metaphor, personification, synesthesia'' appear?
  1. [(1)] A guard on this path, like a wandering madman
  2. [(2)] In whose heart, like a comb, how is it arranged?
  3. [(3)] Words of joy seen, but what is the use?
  4. [(4)] Like a tulip cup, I repented, like one who is drunk
10-- Which of the following lines contains the most incorrect literary devices?
Delicate as one who rises from the ground (allusion, personification) The book of roses like a cloud of flowers from grief is (ambiguity, metaphor, alliteration) The sight of flowers and the shame of narcissus shining on you (simile, metaphor, personification) Every night brings a day to the voice of songs (allusion, ambiguity, metaphor)
11-- The literary devices ``simile, metaphor, sensory imagery, and appropriate ambiguity'' are best found in which line?
\begin{quote} (a) Like cinnamon is sweet and like jasmine among the flowers (b) Why did I go and find a sick doctor in front of me? (c) Where is the warm gaze, the warm breath, the nurturing? \end{quote}
  1. [(1)] b, d, j, alf (2) b, d, j, alf (3) j, alf, b, d (4) j, alf, d, b
12-- Considering the hemistichs below, from ``base + verb'' which compound verbs are formed?
\begin{quote} (a) Very different from thinking --- and arriving (b) Honest eyes should not look at the tulip and hyacinth (c) Sa'di, after this, no wise person hopes (d) From head to the stream, companions and the year (e) Dey, in the meadow the cypress passed by my speech \end{quote}
  1. [(1)] alf, b, d (2) alf, d, h (3) b, j, h (4) b, d, h